. Eastern forest insects. Forest insects. such as other species of maple, basswood, white ash, boxelder, dogwood, honey and black locusts, hackberry, sycamore, beech, elm, willow, and poplar. The female is pale to dark brown, bare, convex to oval in shape, has a more or less distinct median ridge, and is about 4 to 6 mm. long. They are most conspicuous during the summer when large, white, cottony egg sacs extend from the rear. Males are flat, winged, and much smaller than the females. Eggs are laid from April to June in cottonlike masses under the female. These masses are several times the siz
. Eastern forest insects. Forest insects. such as other species of maple, basswood, white ash, boxelder, dogwood, honey and black locusts, hackberry, sycamore, beech, elm, willow, and poplar. The female is pale to dark brown, bare, convex to oval in shape, has a more or less distinct median ridge, and is about 4 to 6 mm. long. They are most conspicuous during the summer when large, white, cottony egg sacs extend from the rear. Males are flat, winged, and much smaller than the females. Eggs are laid from April to June in cottonlike masses under the female. These masses are several times the size of the scale. As a result, the rear of the scale is often elevated at an angle to the twig (fig. 27). Hatching occurs in June and July in the more northern States. Young larvae crawl to the undersurfaces of leaves and feed on the principal veins. They become mature in August and September and mate. The fertilized immature females crawl back to the twigs and small branches where they over- winter. Development is resumed in early spring and the females become mature by F-504123 Figure 27.—The cottony maple scale, Pulvinaria innumera- bilis, on twigs and leaves of soft maple. Damage to heavily infested maples may be severe. Branches are killed, the foliage turns a sickly yellow, and the vigor of the tree is reduced. Such trees are then frequently attacked by other species of insects and further damaged. Honeydew dripping from infested shade trees on sidewalks, automobiles, or people is often a nuisance. Sooty mold developing in the honeydew also detracts greatly from the attractiveness of the trees. Fortunately, trees are seldom attacked heavily for two successive years. Insect pred- ators, including the dipteron, Leucopomyia pulvinarie, larvae of the lepidopteron, Laetilia coccidivora, and the coccinellids, Chilo- corus bivulnerus and Adalia bipunctata sometimes play a primary role in the suppression of heavy populations. Pulvinaria acericola (Walsh and Riley), the ma
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookcollectionbiodive, booksubjectforestinsects
