History of the United States from the earliest discovery of America to the end of 1902 . multiplied and their methodsbettered. The number of newspapers hadbecome enormous. Several religious jour-nals were established previous to 1830,among them the New York Observer,which dates from 1820, and the ChristianRegister, from 1821. Steam printing hadbeen introduced in 1823. The year 1825saw the first Sunday paper; it was theNew York Sunday Courier. Greeley beganhis New York Tribune onlf in 1841. Fresh news had begun th be prized, asshown by the competition the twogreat New York sheets, the
History of the United States from the earliest discovery of America to the end of 1902 . multiplied and their methodsbettered. The number of newspapers hadbecome enormous. Several religious jour-nals were established previous to 1830,among them the New York Observer,which dates from 1820, and the ChristianRegister, from 1821. Steam printing hadbeen introduced in 1823. The year 1825saw the first Sunday paper; it was theNew York Sunday Courier. Greeley beganhis New York Tribune onlf in 1841. Fresh news had begun th be prized, asshown by the competition the twogreat New York sheets, the Journal 0/Commerce and the Morning Enquirer, eachof which, in 1827, established for this pur-pose swift schooner lines and pony ex-presses. Journal of Commerce in 1833put on a horse express betv(reen Philadel-phia and New York, with relays of horses, ii6 WHIGS AND DEMOCRATS [1835 enabling it to publish congressional newsa day earlier than any of its New Yorkcontemporaries. Other papers soon imi-tated this example, whereupon the Journalextended its relays to Washington. Mails. A Pony Express. came to be more numerous and letters were written, and, from 1839,letters were sent in envelopes. Postage-stamps were not used till 1847. Most ofthe principal cities in the country, includ- i835] LIFE AND MANNERS 117 ing Rochester and Cincinnati, publisheddalHes before 1830. Baltimore and Louis-ville had each a public school in year witnessed In Boston the be-ginning work of the first blind asylum inthe country. In Hartford instruction hadalready been given to the deaf and dumbsince 1817. By the fourth decade of the century theAmerican character had assumed a gooddeal of definlteness and greatly interestedforeign travellers. There was, by thosewho knew what foreign manners were,much foolish aping of the same. Englishvisitors noted Brother Jonathans drawlin talking, his phlegmatic temperament,keen eye, and blistering, was a rover and a trad
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