The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 AMARANTHUS RETROFLEXUS L. Amaranth, pigweed, rough green amaranth, red-root. Amaranthaceae.— An erect, strict herb branched above, roughish pubescent, 1 to 6 feet tall, annual; taproot long, fleshy, red or pink; leaves alternate, petioled, 3 to 6 inches long, dull green, rough hairy, ovate or rhombic, wavy-margined; flowers small, greenish, 3-bracted, crowded in dense axillary and terminal panicles; seed glossy black, lens- shaped, small, notched at the narrow end. Pollen is collected; also there is occa- sional demand for the her
The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 AMARANTHUS RETROFLEXUS L. Amaranth, pigweed, rough green amaranth, red-root. Amaranthaceae.— An erect, strict herb branched above, roughish pubescent, 1 to 6 feet tall, annual; taproot long, fleshy, red or pink; leaves alternate, petioled, 3 to 6 inches long, dull green, rough hairy, ovate or rhombic, wavy-margined; flowers small, greenish, 3-bracted, crowded in dense axillary and terminal panicles; seed glossy black, lens- shaped, small, notched at the narrow end. Pollen is collected; also there is occa- sional demand for the herb and root. Common as a weed along railroads and roads and in pastures, fields, and waste places throughout the state; August to October. Medicinal constituents unknown. Used as an astringent and detergent; pollen extract is used as an antigen in certain types of hay fever. AMBROSIA ARTEMISIIFOLIA L. Common ragweed, hog-weed, bitter- weed. Compositae.—An herb 1 to 3 feet tall, more or less hairy throughout, annual; roots fibrous; stem erect, straight, much- branched; leaves alternate, divided and subdivided into numerous lobes, 2 to 4 inches long, white-hairy beneath; male flowers in small green heads crowded in numerous spikes 1 to 5 inches long; female flowers greenish, in small clusters in the axils of upper leaves. Leaves and tops collected while the plant is in flower; also the pollen. Extremely abundant in waste places throughout Illi- nois; occurs in nearly pure stands in grain fields after harvest; July through October. Contains a bitter principle and a volatile oil. Used principally as a topical astringent. [The pollen of this plant is the principal cause of hay fever in August and September. Pollen is collected and extracted; and the extract is used as a prophylactic and cure for hay fever.]
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