. Manual of fruit insects. brown-tail moths. the species in check. Some of these introduced insects havealready become established in the infested territory and aremultiplying rapidly. One of the most promising of these isa large green ground beetle {Calosoma sycophanta L.) shownin Figure 145. In both the adult and larval state it preys onthe larvae and pupae of the gipsy moth. Means of control. The control of the gipsy moth in orchards is not a difficultmatter. During the winter the trees should be carefully 134 FRUIT INSECTS examined for egg-masses and the eggs killed by saturatingthem \vith
. Manual of fruit insects. brown-tail moths. the species in check. Some of these introduced insects havealready become established in the infested territory and aremultiplying rapidly. One of the most promising of these isa large green ground beetle {Calosoma sycophanta L.) shownin Figure 145. In both the adult and larval state it preys onthe larvae and pupae of the gipsy moth. Means of control. The control of the gipsy moth in orchards is not a difficultmatter. During the winter the trees should be carefully 134 FRUIT INSECTS examined for egg-masses and the eggs killed by saturatingthem \vith crude coal-tar creosote to which a little lampblackhas been added as a marker. The work of destroying the eggscan be greatly facilitated by having the trees properly pruned,by removing all flakes of rough bark and by filling all cavitieswith cement or covering them with tin. The trees should besprayed, soon after the eggs have hatched, with arsenate of lead,10 pounds in 100 gallons of water. If the caterpillars are half-. FiG. 147. — Orchard defoliated by gipsy moth caterpillars, in July. grown, it is advisable to use 13 or 15 pounds. It is verydifficult to poison nearly full-grown caterpillars, and for thebest results the spraying should be done while the caterpillarsare small. If the orchard is located near untreated woods orother orchards the trees should be banded with tanglefoot toprevent the ascent of caterpillars migrating from the untreatedarea when the food supply runs short (Fig. 146). References Forbush and Fernald, The Gipsy Moth, Boston, S. Dept. Agr. Farmers Bull. 275. 1907. APPLE INSECTS —BUDS AND FOLIAGE 135 U. S. Bur. Ent. Bull. 87. 1910. (Contains references to the importantreports on the gipsy and brown-tail moths published by the variousNew England States.) U. S. Farmers Bull. 564. 1914. The Brown-tail Moth Euprodis chrysorrhoea Linnaeus This well-known and destructive European caterpillar wasaccidentally introduced into Massachusetts in the vic
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