. Text-book of anatomy and physiology for nurses. ints have been described. By the articulation of the ribs with the spine at the back andsternum in the front, the bony thorax is completed. It is shapedlike a cone, flattened before and behind, and shortest in front(the sternum reaching only as low as the ninth dorsal vertebra).The intervals between the ribs are called the intercostal spaces. The elasticity of the ribs and cartilages and their gliding joints,give a yielding character to the thoracic walls to accommodate themovements of the lungs within. 44 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR NURSES. BON
. Text-book of anatomy and physiology for nurses. ints have been described. By the articulation of the ribs with the spine at the back andsternum in the front, the bony thorax is completed. It is shapedlike a cone, flattened before and behind, and shortest in front(the sternum reaching only as low as the ninth dorsal vertebra).The intervals between the ribs are called the intercostal spaces. The elasticity of the ribs and cartilages and their gliding joints,give a yielding character to the thoracic walls to accommodate themovements of the lungs within. 44 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR NURSES. BONES OF THE ABDOMEN. The five lumbar vertebrae, already described. BONES OF THE PELVIC GIRDLE. I Hip bones 2 The bones are \ Sacrum i [ Coccyx I- Hip-bone (os coxae).—Consisting of three parts which areentirely separate in the child. They are the os ilium, the os ischii,and the os pubis; they unite in forming a cup-shaped cavitycalled the acetabulum, seen on the lateral surface of the bone. Theacetabulum is the socket of the hip-joint (Fig. 42).. Fig. 42.—Hip-bone, Exterior.—(Morris.) The OS ilium is the highest part of the hip-bone and has abroad expanded portion called the wing (or ala). The medialsurface of the wing is the iliac fossa, which is filled with the iliacmuscle; the lateral surface is crossed by three curved lines (calledthe posterior gluteal, the anterior gluteal, and the inferior ghiteallines). BONES OF THE PELVIS. 45 The superior border is called the crest. It can be easily felt, andthe anterior extremity is known as the anterior superior iliac spine,more often called the spine of the ilium. The OS pubis is the anterior division of the hip-bone. It has abody and two branches, or rami. The body joins the ilium, thesuperior ramus has a short projection called the spine of the pubes,and the inferior ramus extends downward and backward to jointhe ischium, thus forming the upper part of the pubic arch. Thetwo pubic bones join each other in the median line, formi
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