. The book of garden management : Comprising information on laying out and planting Gardening -- Great Britain. 42 GARDEN JIAXAGEMENT. io8. In excavating tlie drains, the first operation is to cut the intei'secting' di-ain, M 4, beginning at the outfall near the brook. The depth will depend upon the level of the brook when full; but, supposing there is a good fall, it should not be less than 4-0- feet. The width at the sm-face should be laid out neatly with the line and reel, and the first spit removed of a width in which the man can work conveniently, gi-adually tapering towards th
. The book of garden management : Comprising information on laying out and planting Gardening -- Great Britain. 42 GARDEN JIAXAGEMENT. io8. In excavating tlie drains, the first operation is to cut the intei'secting' di-ain, M 4, beginning at the outfall near the brook. The depth will depend upon the level of the brook when full; but, supposing there is a good fall, it should not be less than 4-0- feet. The width at the sm-face should be laid out neatly with the line and reel, and the first spit removed of a width in which the man can work conveniently, gi-adually tapering towards the bottom. The earth, as it is removed, should be thrown to the lower side of the drain—first, because it is easier for the workmen, but also to prevent a slip of the soil caused by the incumbent weight, if heavy rains occurred while the work was in progress. Having dug out the soil to within 8 or 9 inches of the bottom, for which the draining- s^tade A is generally used, the bottom being of a breadth con- venient for the workman, the remaining space is required to be much narrower, and is excavated by means of the bottom-tools, B and C, the workman standing on the shoulders, a a, the bottom being made smooth and level by means of the scoop, of which several sizes are in use. This drain being opened in its whole length, the main drain is proceeded with in the same manner, taking care that while the bottom is left smooth, it shoiUd have a proper fall in its whole length, and that if there is no natural fall in the land, one should be produced by making the head of the drain shallower than the outfall. If the soil is clay, and likely to bear the exposure without falling in, it will greatly facilitate the work to open the other main drains, M 1 and M 3, both of which are to be executed in the same manner. The advantages of this are twofold: the person charged with the work will see that these drains are all at the proper level; he will see, also, the quantity of water flowing in
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Keywords: ., bookauthorbeetonsamue, bookpublisherlondonsobeeton, bookyear1862
