. A history of mediaeval and modern Europe for secondary schools. t give the ministers a majority, left them moredefeated and discredited than ever. The King was now a limited monarch, He had lost by disuse and bythe growth of contrary custom even his old right to veto billsthat had passed Parliament. This virtual change in the constitution, and curtailing ofroyal prerogative had been made remarkably easy by the factthat the first two Georges were Germans, and withal rather 1 Thus the king was often compelled to appoint men whom he vastly dislikedpersonally. George III was once accord
. A history of mediaeval and modern Europe for secondary schools. t give the ministers a majority, left them moredefeated and discredited than ever. The King was now a limited monarch, He had lost by disuse and bythe growth of contrary custom even his old right to veto billsthat had passed Parliament. This virtual change in the constitution, and curtailing ofroyal prerogative had been made remarkably easy by the factthat the first two Georges were Germans, and withal rather 1 Thus the king was often compelled to appoint men whom he vastly dislikedpersonally. George III was once accordingly pleased to appoint to a highministerial post Charles James Fox, his bitter enemy. 2 Theoretically, indeed, the king kept enormous governmental powers, but hecould exercise them only through his ministers, and those ministers were reallyappointed for him by the Commons. The king could do no wrong and wasirresponsible, but since he could express his will only by ministers who werevery strictly responsible for their acts, he was obviously unable to do 374 HISTORY OF EUROPE dull men, highly dependent upon their ministers. The Englishkings nevertheless kept an imposing position. They were stilltheoretically the final source of power in Church and State,and thanks to their great social influence they were still ableto play a part in politics in a land and age where court favorwas at a heavy premium. 214. The great parties and the great ministers. During thisage the control of the Government oscillated between the twogreat parties, the Whigs and the Tories. The Whigs had beenthe main victors by the Revolution of 1688, and the Georgesowed to them their With the kings influence to sus-tain them, they held the ministries and monopolized publicoffice down to the death of George II. George III found theTories, with their loud professions of devotion to Church andThrone, more useful to his schemes for restoring the personalpower of the The Tories came into power
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