. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. BEE-KEEPING IN OTHER COUNTRIES Lecture by Thos. II". Cowan, , <bc.} given at the Conversazione March 18th, 1914. (Continued from page 134.) RUSSIA. As early as the thirteenth century the production of honey and wax in Russia appears to have been a prominent rural industry. At that time apiculture was regarded as of great importance, and the products of the bee-keeper were not only is so abundant that large quantities of honey are obtained from it. Viatka, Kazan, Penza, Ufa, and the slopes of the Ural Mountains are ri
. British bee journal & bee-keepers adviser. Bees. BEE-KEEPING IN OTHER COUNTRIES Lecture by Thos. II". Cowan, , <bc.} given at the Conversazione March 18th, 1914. (Continued from page 134.) RUSSIA. As early as the thirteenth century the production of honey and wax in Russia appears to have been a prominent rural industry. At that time apiculture was regarded as of great importance, and the products of the bee-keeper were not only is so abundant that large quantities of honey are obtained from it. Viatka, Kazan, Penza, Ufa, and the slopes of the Ural Mountains are rich in forests. But it is principally in Little Russia and the Caucasus that bee-keeping is most flourish- ing, it being the principal industry of a considerable number of the population. In Little Russia there are peasant pro- prietors who own as many as a thousand colonies in modern and old-style hives. In the Government of Ekaterinoslav it is said that there are four hives to every in- habitant. In the Government of Kazan, which is populated by Russians and Tartars, there are more than 400,000 colonies. The Tartars have not adopted the frame-hive to any great extent. In many of the other Governments bee-keep- ing is equally prosperous. In Woronetz. APIARY OF I. ABAKOUMOF, RUSSIA, SHOWING LOG HIVES. consumed at home but were exported to Western Europe. In the sixteenth century Russian wax was exported to England from the White Sea, being shipped from Archangel. The trade flourished till the eighteenth century, when the imposition of duties by Peter the Great caused the bee-keeping industry to decline. At the present time bee-keeping is practised throughout Russia and in many parts of Siberia, except where, owing to climatic conditions or absence of vegeta- tion, it is impossible to keep bees. In the west, the Baltic provinces and Finland, there are large tracts of lime forests, which yield abundantly. In the Govern- ment of St. Petersburg, round Lake Ladoga, Eehium vulgare (Vi
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