Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 CLAVICEPS. 193 conidiophores. A very sweet fluid, the so-called ' houey-devv,' is separated from the sphacelia; this attracts insects, which carry the conidia to other flowers. Since the conidia aie capable of immediate germination, and give rise to a mycelium which penetrates through the outer coat of the ovary, the disease can be quickly disseminated during the flowering season of the grasses. After
Diseases of plants induced by Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites; introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae diseasesofplant00tube Year: 1897 CLAVICEPS. 193 conidiophores. A very sweet fluid, the so-called ' houey-devv,' is separated from the sphacelia; this attracts insects, which carry the conidia to other flowers. Since the conidia aie capable of immediate germination, and give rise to a mycelium which penetrates through the outer coat of the ovary, the disease can be quickly disseminated during the flowering season of the grasses. After the formation of conidia has ceased, the sclerotia become firmer, with a dark wrinkled cortical layer and an internal firm-walled pseudoparenchymatous Fig. S5.—Claviceps purpurea. A, Sclei-otiuin with seven strotnata {ci). B, median longitudinal section through the upper part of a stroma, the flask-shaped perithecia {cp) are embedded in the head. C, Perithecium in longitudinal section (highly magnified)—hy, hyphal tissue ; sh, cortical tissue of the stroma ; c/j, orifice of the perithecium. ' D, Isolated ascus ruptured, so that the thread-like asco- spores (sp) have begun to escape. (After Tulasne, from Sach's Lehrlmch.) hyphal tissue. In this condition they are introduced along with grain into bread, which when eaten acts as a powerful poison, producing very serious results (Ergotism). The sclerotia are also used medicinally, and are collected for this purpose {Secede cornutum). Robert (Frbhner, Lehrbzich der Toxikologie fiir Thierartze, 1890) states that Ergot contains three poisonous agents : (1) Cornutin, an alkaloid which produces that particular effect of ergot in causing contraction of the uterus. (2) Sphacelic acid, a non-nitrogenous, resinous, non-crystallizable sub- stance, in water and dilute acids, but soluble in alcohol, and N
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