. A text-book of horseshoeing, for horseshoers and veterinarians . row (contracted). The causes, aside froiu too littleexercise, are chiefly errors in shoe-ing, such as weakening the posteriorhalf of the hoof, leaving too long atoe, either neglecting to remove the A fore-hoof with bilateral contrac- spurS of hom wllich gTOW frOm thetion of the quarters: a, spur of horn i ,, -i ,^ n prolonged from the buttress, which buttresscs and press upou the trog,^efroT•°^^ or removing them incompletely, and using shoes whose branches areeither too ivide apart or are inclined downward and inward,so
. A text-book of horseshoeing, for horseshoers and veterinarians . row (contracted). The causes, aside froiu too littleexercise, are chiefly errors in shoe-ing, such as weakening the posteriorhalf of the hoof, leaving too long atoe, either neglecting to remove the A fore-hoof with bilateral contrac- spurS of hom wllich gTOW frOm thetion of the quarters: a, spur of horn i ,, -i ,^ n prolonged from the buttress, which buttresscs and press upou the trog,^efroT•°^^ or removing them incompletely, and using shoes whose branches areeither too ivide apart or are inclined downward and inward,so that under the weight of the body the heels are squeezedtogether and contraction is favored. Prevention and Treatment.—First, it should be borne inmind that whatever exercises moderate pressure upon the sole,frog, and bars tends to expaiid the hoof. Tlie action and valueof the various shoes, frog-, and sol(^pads, are measured by thisrule. For this reason a shoe with heel-calks is never advisableif an open flat shoe without other means of relief can be HORSESHOEING. 187 Fig. 206. Furthermore, since contraction is the parent of nearly all dis-eases of the hoof (corns, quarter-cracks, bar-cracks, thrush ofthe frog), we should use the greatest care to prevent it by dress-ing- the hoof as described on pages 98 to 103, using flat shoeswith a horizontal bearing-surface for the quarters, givingabundant exercise, preventing drying out of the horn, andallowing the animal to go barefoot when-ever possible. Where the contraction ishut slight the foregoing riiles wall befound sufficient. In very pronounced contraction,where tJte hoof is not acute-angJed, anexpansive shoe with clips raised at theends of the branches to press against thebuttresses may prove very advantageous;but under no conditions should violencebe used in expanding the heels with theexp an ding-screw. This is an act of ex-treme delicacy, and should be performedonly by experienced veterinarians. In, very pronounc
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