"The Circle of Willis", from "Cerebri Anatome", 1664. By Thomas Willis (1621-1675). Illustration by Sir Christopher Wren (1632-1723). Willis was a pioneer in research into the anatomy of the brain, nervous system and muscles. His most notable discovery was the "Circle of Willis", a circle of arteries on the base of the brain. Willis's anatomy of the brain and nerves, as described in his Cerebri Anatome of 1664, is minute and elaborate.

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