. Bulletin. Science; Natural history; Natural history. D E F H. brevipinnis. Figure 7. The major chromatophore areas for Hypsoblenniiis spp. Areas are defined by groups of melanophores that act more or less simultaneously to produce changes in pattern. Female courtship II.—As above but contacting or entering the male's refuge (Fig. 5). Male nesting behavior.—Behavior usually seen only in males: 1) Rub, rubbing the walls of the refuge with the anal fin pads; 2) Spit, taking gravel or detritus into the mouth and spitting it out. This display has a range of intensities (Fig. 5) and grades into; 3
. Bulletin. Science; Natural history; Natural history. D E F H. brevipinnis. Figure 7. The major chromatophore areas for Hypsoblenniiis spp. Areas are defined by groups of melanophores that act more or less simultaneously to produce changes in pattern. Female courtship II.—As above but contacting or entering the male's refuge (Fig. 5). Male nesting behavior.—Behavior usually seen only in males: 1) Rub, rubbing the walls of the refuge with the anal fin pads; 2) Spit, taking gravel or detritus into the mouth and spitting it out. This display has a range of intensities (Fig. 5) and grades into; 3) Circle-spit, similar to spit except the male swims in a circle over the refuge before spitting (Fig. 5). This appears to be appetitive to courtship behavior and rarely if ever occurs when females are visible. It has not been observed in field observations. Spawning.—The female deposits eggs on the refuge wall. The male may quiver, head-jerk, head-up and tail-up inside or outside of the refuge and/or remain inactive outside of the refuge. Sperm are deposited on the wall of the refuge dur- ing courtship that are sufficient for fertilization of the eggs. COLORATION DESCRIPTIONS The major color patterns and some intergrades are depicted in figure b. Their method of forma- tion can be compared between species by referring to fields of chromatophores that act as more or less separate units to produce various features of the coloration (Fig. 7). Trunk pattern.— 1) Saddle is a disruptive moi- tled coloration formed by darkening pigment areas C and D, if present. In H. brevipinnis adults, a true saddled coloration is never seen but the probable homology of these colorations is sup- ported by saddle-shaped pigment areas found in prejuveniles. This is the "resting" color of all of the species except H. brevipinnis; 2) Mottle is a disruptive pattern seen in all species that lacks prominent saddles. This pattern was common in H. brevipinnis: 3) Bland is a homogeneous col
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