Elementary lessons in the physics Elementary lessons in the physics of agriculture elementarylesson01king Year: 1894 56 97. To Find the Specific Gravity of Liquids.—The principle of flotation stated in 93 also furnishes an easy method of finding the specific gravity of liquids, which is done as follows: Find the difference in weight of any convenient solid in air and in water and then in the liquid whose specific gravity is desired. Suppose the solid selected loses a weight of one in water and a weight of .75 in another liquid, then a volume of water, the size of the body taken, weighs one, a
Elementary lessons in the physics Elementary lessons in the physics of agriculture elementarylesson01king Year: 1894 56 97. To Find the Specific Gravity of Liquids.—The principle of flotation stated in 93 also furnishes an easy method of finding the specific gravity of liquids, which is done as follows: Find the difference in weight of any convenient solid in air and in water and then in the liquid whose specific gravity is desired. Suppose the solid selected loses a weight of one in water and a weight of .75 in another liquid, then a volume of water, the size of the body taken, weighs one, and an equal volume of the second liquid weighs .75. Then by the rule we have: Sp- 98. The Lactometer.— The use of the lactometer in determining the specific grav- ity of milk is also an application of the principle of flotation, and is simply a mod- ification of the method in 97. In this in- strument, as shown in Fig. 25, the slender and uniform stem is graduated so as to give the specific gravity by direct read- ing. i^^V- ^l 99. Atmospheric Pressure.— The air which everywhere envelops the earth to a depth probably exceeding five hun- dred miles has weight and exerts a pressure in all directions upon all bodies in it. This pressure, at the level of the sea, is ca})able of sustaining a column of mercury inches high on the average when the temperature is at 32° F. and is equal to a pressure of pounds to the square inch. The amount of this pressure depends always upon the total quantity of air that exists at the time above the point where the pressure is exerted. This being true, places situated above the level of the sea have a less pressure because they are nearer the u])per limits of the air. 100. Variations in Atmospheric Pressure.— The pressure exerted by the air at any place is almost con- stantly changing, so that it is rarely the same at any two consecutive moments; these changes are not as a rule very large or very rapid. A change of on
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