A cockatoo is any of the 21 bird species belonging to the family Cacatuidae. Along with the Psittacidae family (the true parrots
A cockatoo is any of the 21 bird species belonging to the family Cacatuidae. Along with the Psittacidae family (the true parrots) and the Nestoridae family, they make up the order Psittaciformes. The name cockatoo originated from the Malay name for these birds, kaka(k)tua (either from kaka "parrot" + tuwah, or "older sister" from kakak "sister" + tua, "old"). Placement of the cockatoos as a separate family is fairly undisputed, but it is not resolved whether or not other living lineages of parrots (such as the lories and lorikeets) are as distinct as they are. The family has an Australasian distribution, ranging from the Philippines and Indonesia to the Solomon Islands and Australia. Cockatoos are, on average, larger than the average size of true parrots; however, the cockatiel, the smallest cockatoo, is a small bird, and some of the largest parrots including the Hyacinth Macaw (the longest parrot) and the flightless Kakapo (the heaviest parrot), are true parrots. Their plumage is generally less bright than that of the other parrots, being white or black with some colour in the crest and tail. Like other parrots they have strong bills and feet. The diet of the cockatoos is composed of seeds, fruit, flowers and insects. Cockatoos generally feed in large flocks, particularly if they feed on the ground. Cockatoos are monogamous and breed in cavities in trees. Cockatoos are popular birds in aviculture, although for some species this trade has threatened their survival. Other species are threatened by habitat loss and particularly the loss of nesting holes as large old trees are lost. Some species have adapted well to human changes and are in fact considered agricultural pests.
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