. A report on the phosphate fields of South Carolina. region as a whole is very little above tide leveland is intersected with numerous creeks, rivers, and arms of the of these streams are navigable and afford the phosphate oper-ators a ready means of transportation for their product. Many of > South Carolina Agriculturist (1844). 2 Geology of South Carolina, p. 165 (1848). s Geology of South Carolina. Appendix (1848). i Post Pliocene Fossils of South Carolina. Introduction, p. n (I860). 5 A Sketch of the South Carolina Phosphate Industry (1904 . REPORT OX THE PHOSPHATE FIELDS OF S
. A report on the phosphate fields of South Carolina. region as a whole is very little above tide leveland is intersected with numerous creeks, rivers, and arms of the of these streams are navigable and afford the phosphate oper-ators a ready means of transportation for their product. Many of > South Carolina Agriculturist (1844). 2 Geology of South Carolina, p. 165 (1848). s Geology of South Carolina. Appendix (1848). i Post Pliocene Fossils of South Carolina. Introduction, p. n (I860). 5 A Sketch of the South Carolina Phosphate Industry (1904 . REPORT OX THE PHOSPHATE FIELDS OF SOUTH CAROLINA. the phosphate properties are reached by the Atlantic Coast Line, theSouthern, and the Charleston & Western Carolina Railroads, orspurs from these roads. CLASSES OF PHOSPHATE. The South Carolina phosphate deposits are usually classified undertwo heads, namely, the River Rock and the Land Rock. The River Rock was at first the most easily exploited, since it wascleaner and after being dredged from the river bed required but little. RIVER RO< Fig. 1.—Approximate distribution of the South Carolina phosphates. subsequent treatment to make it a marketable product. It was sometime before a satisfactory method of mining and cleaning Land Rockwas devised. The two types of phosphate, however, are practicallyidentical, the River Rock being merely the Land Rock washed downand concentrated in the river beds. The mining of River phosphate has now ceased and the rock shippedfrom South Carolina is all from the land and marsh deposits. Thisreport, therefore, deals chiefly with the land deposits. GEOLOGICAL OCCURRENCE AND ORIGIN. The phosphate-bearing stratum belongs to the Tertiary period, butgeologists differ considerably regarding the exact age of the phosphate. Tourney1 is of the opinion that the phosphate nodules are derivedfrom the fragments of the Eocene marl on which the beds rest. Thisauthor, however, was unacquainted with the true nature of the phos-phate. Holmes,2 S
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectphospha, bookyear1913
