. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. PRIMULACEAE 77 548. Dodecatheon L. Undoubtedly pollen flowers with pollen guides. Kerner states that the same kind of autogamy takes place as in Soldanella (' Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 333. Vide infra). 1834. D. Meadia L. (=D. frigidum Cham, et Schkcht., and D. integrifolium Michx.). (Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Beitrage,' I, pp. 17-19.)—The flower mechanism of this North American species resembles that of Cyclamen {cf. p. 79). As the flowers wither they
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. PRIMULACEAE 77 548. Dodecatheon L. Undoubtedly pollen flowers with pollen guides. Kerner states that the same kind of autogamy takes place as in Soldanella (' Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 333. Vide infra). 1834. D. Meadia L. (=D. frigidum Cham, et Schkcht., and D. integrifolium Michx.). (Loew, ' Bliitenbiol. Beitrage,' I, pp. 17-19.)—The flower mechanism of this North American species resembles that of Cyclamen {cf. p. 79). As the flowers wither they become erect and the anthers separate so that pollen can fall upon the stigma, allogamy being thus replaced by autogamy. K. Brandegee (Zoe, San Diego (Cal.), i, 1890, pp. 17-20) says that D. Jefi'reyi Moore, described by Loew (op. cit., p. 463), is a variety of this species. In D. frigidum Cham, et Schlecht. the filaments are so short that they are completely enclosed in the throat of the corolla, from which they project for about 3 mm. in the main type. This difference results in an important modification in the flower mechanism, for in the former case visitors cannot cling to the staminal cone. Visitors.—Loew saw a small bee (Andrena fulva Schr.) alight on the staminal cone and fly away again after a short time without obtaining any booty. 549. Soldanella L. Bee-flowers, usually homogamous, rarely protogynous, sometimes with concealed nectar (S. pusilla Baumg., var. inclinaia). This is secreted by a ring below the ovary, and stored in the base of the corolla-tube. 1835. S. alpina L. (Kerner,' Schutzmittel d. Bl.,' p. 232, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. 1, II, p. 368; Ricca, Atti Soc. ital. sc. nat., Milano, xiv, 1871 ; Herm. Muller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 369-71 ; Schulz, 'Beitrage,' II, pp. 149-50.)—This species bears bee - flowers. The stigma projects a little from the violet corolla, so that it is first touched by humble-bee visitors, which consequently effect crossing. Mul
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