. Electric railway journal . sfers, in 1908 the number of free transfer passengers is computed at 159,514,502. These fig-ures are based upon careful estimates of those transferswhich are made without voucher between the surface andelevated lines and the statistics of free transfers honored. The transfer system which exists in Boston is probablymore liberal than that found in any other large city. Whileit is not absolutely universal, transfer between surfacecars is established at 60 different points, in addition tothose transfers which arc possible at all elevated stationsbetween elevated train
. Electric railway journal . sfers, in 1908 the number of free transfer passengers is computed at 159,514,502. These fig-ures are based upon careful estimates of those transferswhich are made without voucher between the surface andelevated lines and the statistics of free transfers honored. The transfer system which exists in Boston is probablymore liberal than that found in any other large city. Whileit is not absolutely universal, transfer between surfacecars is established at 60 different points, in addition tothose transfers which arc possible at all elevated stationsbetween elevated trains and surface cars. The generaleffect of the transfer system is an opportunity to the publicto travel for one fare not only from one end of the lines ofthe company to the other, but also from one part of the sys-tem to another. The system affords 5-cent rides by the mostdirect routes of approximately 20 miles from northwest tosoutheast and 15 miles from northeast to southwest. There Year ending- Sept. 30 1893 1S98 191)3 19WS. Eleclrij flj. Journal Diagram of Expenses Expressed as Percentages of GrossIncome from 1888 to 1908 is no separate fare for separate cities and but little re-striction as to the number of transfers (transfer upontransfer) which passengers may receive. The number ofrevenue passengers is only 63 per cent of the total numberof passengers carried as computed. The result of the largeincrease in transfer passenger traffic is indicated by theestimate that the average fare per total passenger carriedwas cents in the last fiscal year. This is a reduction cent in five years and a material reduction from thefigures of 10 to 15 years ago. The totals of operating and maintenance expenses andthe percentage of gross revenue applied to maintenanceand expenses other than maintenance are given. The main-tenance expenditures have extended in the period of 20years, as shown by the figures contained in the table, fromabout 13 to 19 per cent of gross revenue, while
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