Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools . Skeleton of trunk. A, A, seapulie and cla^^cles forming pectoral girdle; B, ribs and sternxini forming thorax; C, vertebral column ; D, pelvic girdle. 42 THE SKELETON 43 to the front of the thorax to attach by their cartilages to thesternum. Upon each side seven ribs attach next three connect with one another, and all together. Ribs. .1, short upper rib ; B, long median rib ; a, vertebral attachment; b, attach-ment of cartilage whicli joins to sternum. attach to the seventh rib. The two lower ribs have theirforward end unattache
Anatomy, physiology and hygiene for high schools . Skeleton of trunk. A, A, seapulie and cla^^cles forming pectoral girdle; B, ribs and sternxini forming thorax; C, vertebral column ; D, pelvic girdle. 42 THE SKELETON 43 to the front of the thorax to attach by their cartilages to thesternum. Upon each side seven ribs attach next three connect with one another, and all together. Ribs. .1, short upper rib ; B, long median rib ; a, vertebral attachment; b, attach-ment of cartilage whicli joins to sternum. attach to the seventh rib. The two lower ribs have theirforward end unattached and are called floating ribs. Eachrib consists of a flat bone, with a flat cartilage, called a costcdcartilage {costa, a rib), npoii its sternal extremity. The joints of the ribs, with the vertebrae and with thesternum, allow of the motion between these parts whichoccurs in breathing. The combination of bone and cartilage in the ribs, theircurved shape and jointed attachments, make them excellentstructures for the movable walls of a box like the thorax,which must be, at the same time, strong, light, and springj^ The steyiium (Greek sternon) is a flat bone forming thefrontal piece of the thorax. It is attached to the seven upperribs. The pectoral and pelvic girdles. Attached to the spine andthoracic skeleton are the two girdles which support thelimbs. 44 PHYSIOLOGY AND HYGIENE The pe
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