. The animans and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology. al plains, are rodents foundonly in North America. They all live underground,making extensive galleries and feeding chiefly on bulbousroots. The mice and rats constitute a large family ofwhich the house-mice and rats, the various field-mice, thewood-rat (Neotoma pennsylvanicd) and the muskrat (Fiberzibethicus) are familiar representatives. The common brownrat (Mus decumanus) was introduced into this countryfrom Europe about 1775, and has now nearly wholly sup-planted the black rat (M. rattus), also a European specie
. The animans and man; an elementary textbook of zoology and human physiology. al plains, are rodents foundonly in North America. They all live underground,making extensive galleries and feeding chiefly on bulbousroots. The mice and rats constitute a large family ofwhich the house-mice and rats, the various field-mice, thewood-rat (Neotoma pennsylvanicd) and the muskrat (Fiberzibethicus) are familiar representatives. The common brownrat (Mus decumanus) was introduced into this countryfrom Europe about 1775, and has now nearly wholly sup-planted the black rat (M. rattus), also a European species,introduced about 1544. The beaver (Castor canadensis)is the largest rodent. It seems to be doomed to extermin-ation through the relentless hunting of it for its fur. Thewoodchuck or ground-hog (Arctomys monax) is another THE VERTEBRATES: MAMMALS 247 familiar rodent larger than most members of the chipmunks (fig. 128) and ground-squirrels are com-monly known rodents found all over the country. They arethe terrestrial members of the squirrel family, the best known. FIG. 128. Chipmunk. (Permission of Camera Craft.} arboreal members of which are the red squirrel (Sciurushudsonicus), the fox-squirrel (5. ludovicianus), and the grayor black squirrel (S. carolinensis). The little flying squirrel(Sciuropterus volans) is abundant in the Eastern shrews and moles (Insectivora).--The shrews 248 THE ANIMALS AND MAN and moles are all small carnivorous animals, which, be-cause of their size, confine their attacks chiefly to shrews are small and mouse-like; certain kinds ofthem lead a semi-aquatic life. There are nearly a scoreof species in North America. Of the moles, of which there
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