. Construction materials for coastal structures. Coastal engineering; Building materials. Figure 23. Pumped concrete applied with a pressure nozzle. To establish the optimum slump for a pump mix and to maintain control of that particular slump through the course of the job are both extremely important factors. Experience indicates that slumps below 50 millimeters (2 inches) are impractical for pumping, and slumps above 152 millimeters (6 inches) should be avoided. In mixtures with high slump, the aggregate will separate from the mortar and paste and may cause blocking in the pump line. Overly
. Construction materials for coastal structures. Coastal engineering; Building materials. Figure 23. Pumped concrete applied with a pressure nozzle. To establish the optimum slump for a pump mix and to maintain control of that particular slump through the course of the job are both extremely important factors. Experience indicates that slumps below 50 millimeters (2 inches) are impractical for pumping, and slumps above 152 millimeters (6 inches) should be avoided. In mixtures with high slump, the aggregate will separate from the mortar and paste and may cause blocking in the pump line. Overly wet mixes also bleed and increase shrinkage. It is more important to obtain a truly plastic mix through proper proportioning than to try to overcome deficiencies by adding more mortar. 11. Environmental Considerations. The following environmental features are generally to be considered in the use of concrete in coastal structures. Portland cement concrete is a durable material and well suited to use in the coastal environment. When properly designed, placed and cured, it will resist most coastal environ- ments for many years. a. Corrosive and Pollutant Attacks on Exposed Surfaces. Concrete is rarely attacked by solid, dry chemicals. In order to significantly attack concrete, corrosive chemicals must be in solution form and above some minimum concentration. Chemical attack on concrete is generally the 144. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Moffatt & Nichol, Engineers; Coastal Engineering Research Center (U. S. ). Fort Belvoir, Va. : The Center
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