The Dental cosmos . very large, and the cheek bones promi-nent. The upper arch was broad, and theincisors tipped inward. The lower archwas narrow, the molars on the left sideand the second molar on the right sideclosing entirely inside of the line of theupper ones. The incisors were extruded,antagonizing against the gum back of theupper incisors. As the patient lived incentral New York, and required eighthours time to reach my office, he couldtherefore make visits only at long inter-vals. The lower arch was first expanded lat-erally with an expanding device as shownin Fig. 14. The appliance wa
The Dental cosmos . very large, and the cheek bones promi-nent. The upper arch was broad, and theincisors tipped inward. The lower archwas narrow, the molars on the left sideand the second molar on the right sideclosing entirely inside of the line of theupper ones. The incisors were extruded,antagonizing against the gum back of theupper incisors. As the patient lived incentral New York, and required eighthours time to reach my office, he couldtherefore make visits only at long inter-vals. The lower arch was first expanded lat-erally with an expanding device as shownin Fig. 14. The appliance was anchored Fig. by partial clasps and spring-clasp attach-ments to the bicuspids and first anchorage portions were connected by a lingual base-wire, which passed belowthe gum line, and extending backward,entered the anchorage from below up-ward. The base-wire, entering the centerof the anchorage portion in this manner,permits of its being utilized for the ex-pansion of the whole arch laterally, orfor the lateral expansion of the distal oranterior portion of the arch as base-wire extending far back on eachside to enter the anchorage, also has theadvantage of the lengthened arms, as itis thereby rendered more springy andgenerally more effective in expanding lat-erally the anterior part of the arch. The second molar was badly tippedwithin the arch, and just erupting. Insuch a case it is generally found an ad-vantage to move the teeth outward bya spring rather than by the general an-chorage with partial clasps. The spring Fig. 15.
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