. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Defensive secretions of Pachyloidellus goliath 23. Fig. 3: Detail of structures around the gland opening, e: notch on the rebordered carapace edge, cl: lateral channel above the coxae I, II and III, ap: dorsal apophyses of coxae I and II; remaining references like figs 1 and 2. Yellow fluid: Once the clear liquid reaches the gland opening the second fluid appears; its coloration varies from light yellow to orange. This substance is intermit- tently discharged into t
. Bonner zoologische Beiträge : Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Biology; Zoology. Defensive secretions of Pachyloidellus goliath 23. Fig. 3: Detail of structures around the gland opening, e: notch on the rebordered carapace edge, cl: lateral channel above the coxae I, II and III, ap: dorsal apophyses of coxae I and II; remaining references like figs 1 and 2. Yellow fluid: Once the clear liquid reaches the gland opening the second fluid appears; its coloration varies from light yellow to orange. This substance is intermit- tently discharged into the mouth exudate, reaching by diffusion all the places pre- viously occupied by it (the mouth region included); both liquids evaporate together a little later. By interrupting the normal displacement of the clear fluid toward the scutum, by absortion with filter paper on the channels between and above the coxae, we observed that the yellow Hquid accumulated at the gland threshold, probably too dense to run by itself along the scutum laterals. This suggests that the main function of the colourless liquid is to dilute and disperse the glandular secretion, the true repugnatory substance. Comments: The specimens of P. goliath seem to be easily disturbed, judging from their quickness in emitting their secretions. It is sometimes possible to perceive the characteristic odour merely by lifting up the terrarium cover or by turning over the stones under which they shelter in their natural habitat. The secretions are normally released in very little amounts, and are detected more by their odour than visually. A careful observation reveals that the lateral grooves of the scutum are moist, coated with a thin and scarcely conspicuous peUicle of liquid. It is clear that our conditions of observation represent extreme circumstances for the animal, that provoke the fluids oozing in large amounts, overflowing in many cases the described tegumentary channels. Of 80 individuals to which electric
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