. Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments. Geology. 108 MASTODON ARVERNENSIS. [Ch. XTT1 according to the latest investigations, to 89 per cent., whereas in the Eed Crag it does not exceed 60 per cent. Among the accompanying remains of mammalia are those of a Mastodon, a portion of the upper jawbone with a tooth having been found by Mr. Wigham at Postwick, near Norwich. This species has also been found in the Red Crag, both at Sutton and at Felixstow, and was till lately regarded as an Upper Miocene or Falunian species
. Elements of geology, or, The ancient changes of the earth and its inhabitants as illustrated by geological monuments. Geology. 108 MASTODON ARVERNENSIS. [Ch. XTT1 according to the latest investigations, to 89 per cent., whereas in the Eed Crag it does not exceed 60 per cent. Among the accompanying remains of mammalia are those of a Mastodon, a portion of the upper jawbone with a tooth having been found by Mr. Wigham at Postwick, near Norwich. This species has also been found in the Red Crag, both at Sutton and at Felixstow, and was till lately regarded as an Upper Miocene or Falunian species; and under this persuasion, calling it M. angustidens, on the authority of Professor Owens, I suggested that its' remains might have been washed out of older strata into the Crag, just as we sometimes ob- serve London Clay and Chalk fossils introduced into the same de- posit. But Dr. Falconer, who has devoted many years to the study of the fossil and recent Proboscideans, has shown that the fossil is a Pliocene species, first observed in Auvergne by MM. Croizet and Jobert, and named by them Mastodon arvernensis. Cuvier did not Fig. Mastodon arvernensis (Norwich Crag, Postwick, also found in Eed Crag, see p. 202); third milk molar, left side, upper jaw; grinding surface, nat. size. Newer Pliocene. adopt this name, for he had seen but a few specimens from Auvergne, and he confounded them with M. angustidens. The entire skeleton of both these Mastodons having now been obtained, they are found to be referable to two distinct sub-genera. The Crag' fossil belongs to the Tetralophodon of Falconer, a sub-genus of which five species are known, so called because there are four ridges in the penultimate true molar as well as in the two teeth which are placed immediately before it in both jaws. The Mastodon angustidens, on the other hand, belongs, with six other species, to the section called Triloplio- don, in which the corresponding teeth have each three ridges; and is, according
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1860, booksubjectgeology, bookyear1868
