. Map modeling in geography : including the use of sand, clay putty, paper pulp, plaster of Paris, and other materials : also chalk modeling in its adaptation to purposes of illustration. of seemingly insignificant things in the truly scientific ob-servation of phenomena. Long before the solar compass and the other appliances ofmodern surveying were brought into use, the Romans used verysimple means for finding the meridian line and laying out thestreets of their cities. It is to an application of these means tothe study of geography that we invite the attention of the teach-ers in our schools
. Map modeling in geography : including the use of sand, clay putty, paper pulp, plaster of Paris, and other materials : also chalk modeling in its adaptation to purposes of illustration. of seemingly insignificant things in the truly scientific ob-servation of phenomena. Long before the solar compass and the other appliances ofmodern surveying were brought into use, the Romans used verysimple means for finding the meridian line and laying out thestreets of their cities. It is to an application of these means tothe study of geography that we invite the attention of the teach-ers in our schools. It is in general granted in the study of geography that thebeginning should be made at home ; that is, we should go from 62 A Line Upon the Sana. the known to the unknown. Teach the child that the meridianof any spot upon the earth can be found ; in fact, may be madeas definite in direction as any road, street, or Hne-fence (Fig, 32).Take a straight stake and nail to it a piece of tin having acircular hole near its center. Tie a stone to a long string andfasten this plumb-line to the tin through the hole, which shouldbe about three fourths of an inch in diameter. Go out upon the. Fig. in the forenoon, and, facing the shadow on levelground, drive the stake into the earth, inclining somewhat towardthe shadow. Put a peg, C^ directly under the plumb-line, andalso drive one, Wy into the ground just where the light throughthe hole in the tin strikes upon the ground. Note the time untilnoon—say one hour. At noon return and put another peg, Z,where the light comes through the shadow of the tin. At oneoclock in the afternoon put a peg, E, where the light strikes atthat time. The Hne 6^ Z is a north and south line or meridian, A Meridian Line. 63 and, if E and Wh^ joined by a straight line, we shall have a linerunning east and west. If the work is carefully done, WL willbe equal to EL. Where the place is far from the standard meridian, local timeshould be calculated and
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookidmapmodelingi, bookyear1894
