. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. CASTOR-OIL INDUSTRY. 19 at the middle, and inch at the discharge end, all bound together by massive clamping bars. A horizontal screw rotating on the axis of the cage carries the charge of oilseed forward and discharges it at the other end of the cage over a cone, which may be moved in or out, according as greater or less pressures are sought. The charge of oil-bearing material is introduced through a hopper into the cage or barrel and the slowly rotating worm engages it and carries it forward. As the charge reac
. Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture. Agriculture; Agriculture. CASTOR-OIL INDUSTRY. 19 at the middle, and inch at the discharge end, all bound together by massive clamping bars. A horizontal screw rotating on the axis of the cage carries the charge of oilseed forward and discharges it at the other end of the cage over a cone, which may be moved in or out, according as greater or less pressures are sought. The charge of oil-bearing material is introduced through a hopper into the cage or barrel and the slowly rotating worm engages it and carries it forward. As the charge reaches the small aperture around the cone it encoun- ters more resistance, which operates to build up pressures within the barrel. These pressures are regulated by varying the size of the aperture between the cone and the walls of the barrel. The farther the cone is moved into the barrel, the smaller is the aperture through which the cake may be discharged. Inasmuch as the screw moves forward at a constant rate and thus delivers a continuous quantit}r of material to the barrel, it follows that the oil yield is readily controlled by simply adjusting the cone and varying the size of the discharging aperture. For ordinary materials these expellers can be adjusted to yield cakes containing as low as per cent of oil. These machines are very generally used for peanut and copra crush- ing and for many other oleaginous materials, all of which, however, must have such fiber content as to present sufficiently effective binding properties to prevent squirting of the meats through the interstices of the bars. There is, of course, great wear of the parts, but since these are standardized they can readily be supplied. It has been stated that with properly cleaned material and with right care of the machine the upkeep is no greater than the cost of the cloth in plate presses. An average for more than seven prewar years shows the upkeep to have been about SI00 for each machine per annum. Figu
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