. The outline of history : being a plain history of life and mankind. end of to invent some way of getting through itthe Hohenstaufen line in the thirteenth or round it. And there were now new peo-century, the hold of the Holy Roman Empire pies taking to the sea trade, and disposedupon North and Central Italy weakened, to look for new ways to the old marketsalthough, as we shall tell, German Emperors because the ancient routes were closed towere still crowned as kings and emperors them. The Portuguese, for example, werein Italy up to the time of Charles V {circ. developing an Atlantic coasting
. The outline of history : being a plain history of life and mankind. end of to invent some way of getting through itthe Hohenstaufen line in the thirteenth or round it. And there were now new peo-century, the hold of the Holy Roman Empire pies taking to the sea trade, and disposedupon North and Central Italy weakened, to look for new ways to the old marketsalthough, as we shall tell, German Emperors because the ancient routes were closed towere still crowned as kings and emperors them. The Portuguese, for example, werein Italy up to the time of Charles V {circ. developing an Atlantic coasting trade. The1530). There arose a number of quasi- Atlantic Avas waking up again after a vastindependent city states to the north of Rome, period of neglect that dated from the Romanthe papal capital. South Italy and Sicily, murder of Carthage. It is rather a delicatehowever, remained under foreign dominion, matter to decide whether the western Euro-Genoa and her rival, Venice, were the great pean was pushing out into the Atlantic or a a . -3 I T3 aw ao > fl X Si. a EC! RENASCENCE OF WESTERN CIVILIZATION 407 whether he was being pushed out into it wealth of gold, lay across the Atlantic in by the Turk, who lorded it in the Mediter- about the position of Mexico. He had ranean until the Battle of Lepanto (1571). made various voyages in the Atlantic ; he The Venetian and Genoese ships were creep- had been to Iceland and perhaps heard of ing round to Antwerp, and the Hansa town Vinland, which must have greatly encour- seamen were coming south and extending aged these ideas of his, and this project of their range. And there were considerable sailing into the sunset became the ruling developments of seamanship and shipbuild- purpose of his life. He was a penniless man, ing in progress. The Mediterranean, as we some accounts say he was a bankrupt, and have noted (chapter xvii.) is a sea for his only way of securing a ship was to get galleys and coasting. But upon the Atlantic someone
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