. Practical concrete work for the school and home. ates and give color to the surface. manufacturer; that is, concrete will represent the skill orcare used in selecting, combining, and using the materials ofwhich it is made. Concrete a Universal Building Material.—Today concreteenters in some way into practically every class of buildingconstruction, while there are more buildings now built ofconcrete throughout than ever before. Concrete possessessome wonderful possibilities. It is not in any sense a substi- 10 PRACTICAL CONCRETE WORK tute building- material; things can be done with concrete o
. Practical concrete work for the school and home. ates and give color to the surface. manufacturer; that is, concrete will represent the skill orcare used in selecting, combining, and using the materials ofwhich it is made. Concrete a Universal Building Material.—Today concreteenters in some way into practically every class of buildingconstruction, while there are more buildings now built ofconcrete throughout than ever before. Concrete possessessome wonderful possibilities. It is not in any sense a substi- 10 PRACTICAL CONCRETE WORK tute building- material; things can be done with concrete orthings built of it that are not possible with some of the olderand once more common building materials, while practicallyeverything can be done with concrete that any of the olderbuilding materials will permit. To build right with any material, one must have a knowl-edge of its properties and possibilities. In the case of amanufactured building material, such as concrete, this meansone must be familiar with the various materials of which it is. Concrete lawn bench made in imitation of granite by using white Portland cement and selected granite chips, then rubbing the whole down with carborundum stone after forms were removed. composed, and knowledge applied to select and use thesematerials so that the finished product—concrete—will be whatis desired, and perform tlic purpose intended. PRACTICAL CONCRETE WORK 11 MATERIALS OF WHICH CONCRETE IS COMPOSED Portland Cement.—First let us consider the materials ofwhich concrete is composed. There are a number of kindsof cements or cementing materials, but in present-day refer-ence to concrete work, usually portland cement only is con-sidered. Portland cement is a manufactured product and wasso named because of a resemblance in color which the firstmanufactured cement had to a stone quarried near Portland,England. Portland cement will harden under or in the presence ofwater—in fact water is necessary to the proper hardening of
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