. Principles of agricultural chemistry [microform] . and generally form what is known as zvhite alkali. Carbonate ofsoda has a corrosive action upon vegetable matter (usually foundin the soil) producing a black solution or substance, and for thisreason is called black alkali.^ Carbonate of soda is especially in-jurious, for it causes the soil to become hard so that water willnot easily penetrate it. It is also more injurious to plants thanthe less corrosive alkali salts. ^ See, however, Arendt, Jahresber, Agr. Chem., 1858, p. 125.■^ Withers and Fraps, Report North Carolina Exp. Sta., 1902-3, p
. Principles of agricultural chemistry [microform] . and generally form what is known as zvhite alkali. Carbonate ofsoda has a corrosive action upon vegetable matter (usually foundin the soil) producing a black solution or substance, and for thisreason is called black alkali.^ Carbonate of soda is especially in-jurious, for it causes the soil to become hard so that water willnot easily penetrate it. It is also more injurious to plants thanthe less corrosive alkali salts. ^ See, however, Arendt, Jahresber, Agr. Chem., 1858, p. 125.■^ Withers and Fraps, Report North Carolina Exp. Sta., 1902-3, p. 53.^ Alkali Soils of the United States, Bulletin 35, Bureau of Soils.* California Bulletin 12S. soiiv de;ficie;ncies 259 Other salts than those mentioned above may be present inalkali. Calcium chloride, for example, may give the soil a blackcolor, and have the appearance of black alkali, but it is not asinjurious as carbonate of soda. Nitrate of soda has been foundin Colorado soils.^ Origin of Alkali.—Alkali comes originally from the decompo-. Fig. 63.—Alkali spot remaining in reclaimed field, Utah. Bureau of Soils. sition of rocks. In climates where there is an abundance of rain,and much water passes through the soil, the alkali salts are^ Headdeu, Bulletin 178, Colorado Station. 26o principle;s of agricultural chemistry washed out about as fast as they are formed and carried intostreams, and thence to the sea. In arid climates, since the rainfall is not sufficient to wash outthe soluble salts, they accumulate. As long as these salts are dis-tributed uniformly through the mass of the soil, they cause no POUNDS OF SALT PEIR SOOOO 15,000 eOflOO 35,000
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