Ontario High School History of England . ^ ministryand installed the Whigs in theirplace. An election soon gavethe Whigs a great majority inthe Commons. Bolingbroke, theTory leader, espoused the causeof the Stuart Pretender, JamesEdward, son of James II, andfled to join him on the was arrested on suspicionof similar treason to George I,but was, in the end, Tory squires and parsonsgreatly disliked the foreign they kept quiet for two reasons: the Pretender wouldgive no guarantees to protect the Church of England; andespousal of his cause meant that most dr
Ontario High School History of England . ^ ministryand installed the Whigs in theirplace. An election soon gavethe Whigs a great majority inthe Commons. Bolingbroke, theTory leader, espoused the causeof the Stuart Pretender, JamesEdward, son of James II, andfled to join him on the was arrested on suspicionof similar treason to George I,but was, in the end, Tory squires and parsonsgreatly disliked the foreign they kept quiet for two reasons: the Pretender wouldgive no guarantees to protect the Church of England; andespousal of his cause meant that most dreaded of scourges,civil war. To check threatened risings, the Parliamentpassed, in 1715, the Riot Act, giving magistrates power touse the military against gatherings of twelve persons, or 368. Gkorgk I a660-1727) THE HOUSE OF HANOVER 369 more, who refused to disperse within an hour after beingwarned to do so. The Jacobite Rising, 1715-1716.—In spite of such precau-tions a rising occurred. Georges claim to the throne waspromptly challenged by James Edward. In 1715 this princesent the Earl of Mar to Scotland, and there and in the northof England a rebellion broke out. Mar gathered an army ofHighlanders, who proved themselves, once more, patheticallyloyal to the Stuarts. Edinburgh was for a time in ; the Whig leader in Scotland, Argyle, grandson of theArgyle who had perished in Monmouths cause (p. 338) wasa real general. In November, 1715, with three thousandmen, he checked, at Sheriffmuir, Mars army of eight thou-sand Highlanders, whose wild charge this time failed. Therising in England was easily crushed. Expected aid didnot come from France; for Louis XIV, the loyal friend ofthe Stuarts, had died in 1715. In spite of such discourage-ments, James Edward himself l
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