American homes and gardens . malpygiancells. It resembles in structure the other horny parts,such as claws, nails, and spurs. In some birds, assome of the ducks, this covering remains soft exceptnear the tip, which contains tactile organs. In thehawks and parrots the distal end of the upper man-dible is hard; basal portion, called the cere, is thickand soft. This latter is usually very sensitive, and init the nostrils are enclosed. In most species the cere is bare, but in some speciesof parrots it is covered with feathers and in such casesits structure is similar to the ordinary skin. The cove
American homes and gardens . malpygiancells. It resembles in structure the other horny parts,such as claws, nails, and spurs. In some birds, assome of the ducks, this covering remains soft exceptnear the tip, which contains tactile organs. In thehawks and parrots the distal end of the upper man-dible is hard; basal portion, called the cere, is thickand soft. This latter is usually very sensitive, and init the nostrils are enclosed. In most species the cere is bare, but in some speciesof parrots it is covered with feathers and in such casesits structure is similar to the ordinary skin. The covering about the nostrils is soft in some spe-cies and presents a means of externally closing themthough without special muscles. Such an arrange-ment is called an operculum, and is prominent inpigeons. In petrels and shearwaters the operculum forms acomplete tube, whence these birds are called Tubi-nares or tube nosed birds. 38 AMERICAN HOMES AND GARDENS July, 1906 The Concrete Garage of Dr. N. B. Van Etten Tremont, New York. ONCRETE constructionin its modern forms anduses, and the successfulapplication of the principles of reinforced con-crete to the building ofcountry houses, stables and garages, whichshall be architecturally beautiful in them-selves, and harmonious with their sur-roundings, is the most engaging topicamong the architects of the present day. The garage of Dr. N. B. Van Etten, atTremont, N. Y., of which Mr. Robert , who is making a specialty of thisclass of work, is the architect, is a veryexcellent example of this form of construc-tion. Mr. Gardner has shown an unusualappreciation of the possibilities open toconcrete construction, and much that hasbeen accomplished may well be termednovel and the results attained both fromthe practical and artistic standpoint, justifyhis confidence in the new material. The foundations, the walls, the floors,stairs, steps, partitions, and even the roof,are constructed of reinforced concrete;the only wood used throughout
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