. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. 1840. THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 921 Sergius and Bacchus at Constantinople. Sancta Sophia, in the same city, has a large central dome, and two semi-cupolas which cover the two curved portions situated to the east and west of the nave. These primitive domes ;u"e generally very heavy and cumbrous in form, dilTering from those which were erected later and elevated on tam- bours. A great number of small arched windows, very near each other, are cut througli
. The Civil engineer and architect's journal, scientific and railway gazette. Architecture; Civil engineering; Science. 1840. THE CIVIL ENGINEER AND ARCHITECT'S JOURNAL. 921 Sergius and Bacchus at Constantinople. Sancta Sophia, in the same city, has a large central dome, and two semi-cupolas which cover the two curved portions situated to the east and west of the nave. These primitive domes ;u"e generally very heavy and cumbrous in form, dilTering from those which were erected later and elevated on tam- bours. A great number of small arched windows, very near each other, are cut througli the base of the domes, and serve to light the interior. The effect of the light is so brilliant, that the cupola seems as it were isolated from the building. The cupola of Sancta Sophia, upwards of 120 feet in diameter, not being properly poised over the four main piers, in consequence of gathering the spandrils into too small a compass, exhibited, in less than 25 years, symptoms of ap- proaching downfall, and the piers were accordingly strengthened on the outside. Eusebius, Paul the Silent, and other authors, agree in describing the dome of the Church of the Apostles as being covered with dazzling gilt bronze, to keep off the rain. Fig. 11.—Church of Monetes Koras at Another system of decoration succeeded this, and was much copied in Europe, as may be seen in St. Mark, at Venice, begun in 996. In this system the horizontal line, as bounding the front, was entirely given up, and was replaced by an arched line marking the extrados of the vaults. In the Cireek islands are to be commonly seen, little chapels with a cradle-like roof covering the only nave, and secured vvith cement or sheet-lead. Where the building consists of several aisles, as most of the large Byzantine edifices at Constantinople, the roof has a festoon-like appearance, like so many round-covered trunks placed side by side. Thus the exterior shows, as it were, the skeleton of the Iniilding, eve
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