street peshawur Peshāwar Pakistan Pekhawar Kabul River Budni Nala Sikh Empire
Peshāwar is the capital of the North-West Frontier Province and the administrative centre for the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. "Peshawar" literally means The High Fort in Persian and is known as Pekhawar in Pashto. The area of the city has been ruled by numerous empires including the Afghan, Persian, Shahi, Greek, Maurya, Scythian, Arab, Turk, Mongol, Mughal, Sikh and the British. Peshawar would also join, following a loya jirga as a Pakhtun region, the Afghan/Pakhtun empire of Ahmad Shah Durrani by 1747. Pakhtuns from Peshawar took part in incursions of South Asia during the rule of Ahmad Shah Durrani and his successors. Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji lead the Sikh, Khalsa army and invaded and conquered Peshawar in 1834 after wresting it from Afghanistan. In the wars between to two nations, Peshawar's own Shalimar Gardens were destroyed, not to mention the dwindling of the city's population by almost half. Peshawar was finally made a part of The Sikh Kingdom, a part of Punjab. With the rapid collapse of the Sikh Empire caused by internal fighting and the interference of the British, after the passing by of Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji and its defeat in the second Anglo-Sikh War, the British eventually occupied the city. They continued to rule from 1849 to 1947, when the city became part of the new nation of Pakistan. Peshawar is situated near the eastern end of the Khyber Pass and sits mainly on the Iranian plateau along with the rest of the NWFP. Peshawar is literally a frontier city of South-Central Asia and was historically part of the Silk Road. The Peshawar valley is covered with consolidated deposits of silt, sands and gravel of recent geological times. The flood Plains/Zones are the areas between Kabul River and Budni Nala. The meander flood plain extends from Warsak in the Northwest towards Southeast in the upper Northern half of the district. The Kabul river enters the district in the Northwest. On entering the Peshawar Plain, the Kabul River
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Photo credit: © 19th era / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
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