. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 59 genetically. According to Tack (1940a), the vertical bands in P. phoxinus are resulted from the interruptions of the horizontal stripe. Therefore, based on the ontogenetic evidence and outgroup comparison, the P. neogaeus-iypt is hypothesized to be plesiomorphic (TS 22[0]), and other types to be apomorphic condition. Because no evidence is found to de- monstrate how the apomorphic types are derived, I interpret the apomorphic conditions as independently derived from the P. neogaeus-iype (P. erythrogaster-type: TS 22[ 1 ]; P. phoxinus-type: TS 22[2
. Bonner zoologische Monographien. Zoology. 59 genetically. According to Tack (1940a), the vertical bands in P. phoxinus are resulted from the interruptions of the horizontal stripe. Therefore, based on the ontogenetic evidence and outgroup comparison, the P. neogaeus-iypt is hypothesized to be plesiomorphic (TS 22[0]), and other types to be apomorphic condition. Because no evidence is found to de- monstrate how the apomorphic types are derived, I interpret the apomorphic conditions as independently derived from the P. neogaeus-iype (P. erythrogaster-type: TS 22[ 1 ]; P. phoxinus-type: TS 22[2]; P. oreas-type: TS22 [3]). The outgroups and most of the ingroup do not bear large speckles at the dorsal region of the lateral body (TS 23[0]). Therefore, the presence of the large speckles in P. oreas and brachyurus is proposed to be apomorphic (TS 23[1]). In P. brachyurus, neogaeus, issykkulensis, eos, and erythro gaster, no (or very few) mela- nophores are present at the isthmus or the anterior portion of the breast (TS 24[0]; ). In P. phoxinus, melanophores are present at the isthmus only (TS 24[ 1 ]). : Diagrammatic profiles of ventral view of caudal peduncle of (A) Phoxinus phoxinus (KU 22860, mm SL), and (B) P. tennesseensis (UT , mm SL), showing the distribution of the melanophores. Scale bars = 1 Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Bonn, Zoologisches Forschungsinstitut und Museum Alexander Koenig
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