Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . ) and parenchyma (p) contain-ing starch. D, longitudinal section of scopola rhizome showing the char-acteristic wide, reticulate tracheae and portion of cells of parenchyma con-taining starch. stitutes. The leaves of Solanum nigrum have been substituted fortrue Belladonna. 590 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY Literature.—Miller, Amer. Jour. Pharm., 1913, p. 291; Carr,Ibid., 1913, p. 487; Sievers, Ibid., 1
Scientific and applied pharmacognosy intended for the use of students in pharmacy, as a hand book for pharmacists, and as a reference book for food and drug analysts and pharmacologists . ) and parenchyma (p) contain-ing starch. D, longitudinal section of scopola rhizome showing the char-acteristic wide, reticulate tracheae and portion of cells of parenchyma con-taining starch. stitutes. The leaves of Solanum nigrum have been substituted fortrue Belladonna. 590 SCIENTIFIC AND APPLIED PHARMACOGNOSY Literature.—Miller, Amer. Jour. Pharm., 1913, p. 291; Carr,Ibid., 1913, p. 487; Sievers, Ibid., 1914, pp. 97 and 483; Newcomb,Ibid., 1914, p. 531, and 1915, p. 1; Sievers, Ibid., 1916, 88, p. 193. Belladonna Radix.—Belladonna Root.—The root of AtropaBelladonna (Fam. Solanacese), a perennial herb (Figs. 243 and 244),native of central and southern Europe, and cultivated in Englandand Germany, from which countries most of the commercial supply-is obtained. The roots are collected in autumn from plants one tofour years old and carefully dried. Description.—Cylindrical, slightly tapering, somewhat twistedor split into longitudinal pieces, 5 to 15 cm. in length, 4 to 25 Fig. 251.—Atropine: Long orthorhombic prismatic crystals from an alcoholic solution. in diameter; externally light brown, smooth, longitudinally wrinkledor fissured, sometimes with transverse ridges and with rootlet-scarsor fragments of rootlets; fracture short, mealy when dry and emittinga dust consisting of starch grains and fragments of cells, tough whendamp; internally light yellow, slightly radiate, bark to 2 mm. inthickness, not fibrous and adhering closely to the wood, cambiumzone distinct; odor narcotic; taste sweetish, acrid. Roots that are shrunken, spongy, dark brown and free fromstarch should be rejected, as also old woody roots and stem-remnants. Phytolacca roots (Figs. 85 and 250) and Althaea (Fig. 187) are BELLADONNA 591 distinguished from belladonna root by having numerous scler
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