Injury, recovery, and death, in relation to conductivity and permeability . olutions unless the salts have an antag-onistic action. If we mix equal volumes of A M and * C/. Loeb, J. (1906, B). For the literature of antagonism see Loeb(1909), Robertson (1910), Hober (1914). This statement does not apply to very dilute solutions.»C/. Onterhout (1914, B, C; 1915, F). 124 ANTAGONISM 125 B M the dilution of A from M to M isexactly compensated by the introduction of molecules ofB, Or, to put it in another way, the toxic eiTect dependson the number of molecules present (if both kinds
Injury, recovery, and death, in relation to conductivity and permeability . olutions unless the salts have an antag-onistic action. If we mix equal volumes of A M and * C/. Loeb, J. (1906, B). For the literature of antagonism see Loeb(1909), Robertson (1910), Hober (1914). This statement does not apply to very dilute solutions.»C/. Onterhout (1914, B, C; 1915, F). 124 ANTAGONISM 125 B M the dilution of A from M to M isexactly compensated by the introduction of molecules ofB, Or, to put it in another way, the toxic eiTect dependson the number of molecules present (if both kinds of mole-cules are equally toxic andthere is no antagonism) andit makes no differencewhether the solutions arepure or mixed. If the toxic effect dependson ions, rather than on mole-cules, then, since the numberof ions may be somewhatincreased by mixing solu-tions, the toxicity may becorrespondingly increased;but the amount of thisincrease w^ould ordinarily benegligible. 2. The toxicity is dimin-ished, that is, the effect isantitoxic. We then get acurve rising; somewhere. c D E F G A 100 75 50 25 0 % B 0 25 50 75 100% Fig. 4i).—Curves showing the growth ofroots in mixtures of equally toxic solutionsof two salts A and B: the ordinates representgrowth; the abscissae represent the composi- above the dotted line, such iil!,^/i^\!^,^^^ ^^f •^^I^^T^ 7 a mixture in which the dissolved molecules flc; flip nnhrnVpn lino ar^ 50% .4 and 507o fi-the horizontal dotteddb ine UnOrOKen nne IjIS^M. Une {LJM) represents the growth which ^ Tlin frvvi/^ifxT Ir. ,*,T would occur if there were no antagonism O. ine LOXlClt\ is m- (additive effect); LKM is the antagonism ^-^^^ ^^^ TIT i-1 j_ curve; LUM, curve expressing increased creased. VV e then get a curve toxicity (opposite of antagonism); the Muan- 1 • 1 , n n 1 1 titative expression of antagonism at the wnicii somewhere tails below point e is kj^je. the dotted line, such as the line interrupted by cir-cles LEM,^ The consideration
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