. California fish and game. Fisheries -- California; Game and game-birds -- California; Fishes -- California; Animal Population Groups; Pêches; Gibier; Poissons. ABALONE SURVIVAL AND MORTALITY 159 cr 4 LjJ m. 20 40 60 80 1981 TRANSECTS LIVE ABALONE IN 70 m2 N=I2 982 TOTAL DESTRUCT LIVE ABALONE IN 625 m2 N=46 1981-1982 SHELLS FOUND INSIDE THE 625 m2 SEEDING SITE N=56 120 SIZE (mm) FIGURE 3. Size-frequency distributions of live native red abalones found in the preplant transects in 1981 (top) and during the total destruct of the 625 m^ seeding site in 1982 (center), and of the native red abalone
. California fish and game. Fisheries -- California; Game and game-birds -- California; Fishes -- California; Animal Population Groups; Pêches; Gibier; Poissons. ABALONE SURVIVAL AND MORTALITY 159 cr 4 LjJ m. 20 40 60 80 1981 TRANSECTS LIVE ABALONE IN 70 m2 N=I2 982 TOTAL DESTRUCT LIVE ABALONE IN 625 m2 N=46 1981-1982 SHELLS FOUND INSIDE THE 625 m2 SEEDING SITE N=56 120 SIZE (mm) FIGURE 3. Size-frequency distributions of live native red abalones found in the preplant transects in 1981 (top) and during the total destruct of the 625 m^ seeding site in 1982 (center), and of the native red abalone shells found within the seeding site during the 12 month experiment (bottom). 1981) planted 1194 marked shells ranging from 13 to 42 mm in the same manner as live seed and recovered 71 % of the shells vi'ithin four months without destruc- tive sampling. Only 8% of the shells found by the end of the twelve month experiment at Palos Verdes Point were recovered by destructive sampling. Even if abalones are consumed in a cryptic location such as an octopus midden, most appear to eventually flush out into the open. Some shells found in the destructive search showed no growth and presumably died close to the time of planting, thus the shells do last. Finally we have little evidence that predation fragments shells of this size beyond recognition; only 5% of the 294 shells recovered were broken into small pieces. Similarly, minimal activity by encrusting organisms did not alter shells beyond recognition. While a few shells doubtlessly were not recovered, given the frequency of our visits (Table 1) and the above characteris- tics of abalone shells, we believe that collection of shells provided a reasonably good estimate of seed mortality. Second, we have evidence that live seed dispersed well beyond the study site. There was a progressive decrease in the number of live seed observed in qualita- tive haphazard searches of the site. We found 126 live seed in June of 1981, 70 in August,
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