Elements of practical agriculture; comprehending Elements of practical agriculture; comprehending the cultivation of plants, the husbandry of the domestic animals, and the economy of the farm elementsofpracti00lowd Year: 1838 PLANTS CULTIVATED FOR THEIR WOOD. 387 fore vegetation has commenced. The operation may be per- formed by the spade, but is often performed by the dibble. The plants are set at such distances in the rows that the ho- rizontal branches of the young trees shall not interfere with one another. In transplanting, no part of the root should be lopped or shortened by the knife,
Elements of practical agriculture; comprehending Elements of practical agriculture; comprehending the cultivation of plants, the husbandry of the domestic animals, and the economy of the farm elementsofpracti00lowd Year: 1838 PLANTS CULTIVATED FOR THEIR WOOD. 387 fore vegetation has commenced. The operation may be per- formed by the spade, but is often performed by the dibble. The plants are set at such distances in the rows that the ho- rizontal branches of the young trees shall not interfere with one another. In transplanting, no part of the root should be lopped or shortened by the knife, nor the roots doubled in put- ting them into the ground; and care should be taken in plant- ing, where the dibble is used, that the root shall be fixed firm- ly without being compressed at the neck. Certain kinds of tree plants, instead of being propagated by seeds, are propagated by cuttings, consisting of a portion of the shoot of the previous year's growth, 12 or 15 inches long. These cuttings are planted by thrusting one end a few inches into the ground. This is the manner in which willows and certain poplars are raised. Certain kinds again are best propagated by layers. This practice consists in bending down the branches of a growing tree, fixing them in the ground by means of crooked pins of wood, and covering them partly with earth. In this state the covered part quickly shoots forth roots, and the branch being then separated from the parent tree, becomes a distinct plant. But, in the case of the greater number of species, the prac- tice is to sow the seeds in the seed-beds in the manner described. The hardier pines are often planted at once, as has been said, when seedlings; while others of the resinous species, and most of the hard-wood, are not planted in the forest until they have been one or more years in the nursery-lines, where they extend their roots, and acquire strength and size. During the period in which the plants re- main in these lines, they are to be kept
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