. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 224 J. J. WERNEGREEN ET AL 59 100. Antonina crawii S-endosymbiont Wigglesworthia-Glossma austeni P Wigglesworth/a-Glossina brevipalpis P Blochmannia-Camponotus festinatus P Blochmannia-Camponotus pennsylvanicus P ' Colobopsis nipponicus P-endosymbionl Polyrhachis lamellidens P-endosymbiont Dysmicoccus neobrevipes S-endosymbiont Glossina pallidipes S-endosymbiont -J Plagiolepis pigmaea endosymbiont ' Sitophilus oryzae P-endosymbiont i Uroleucon astronomus S-endosymbiont (U type) 78 I Yamatocalhs tokyoensis S-endosymbiont 100
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. 224 J. J. WERNEGREEN ET AL 59 100. Antonina crawii S-endosymbiont Wigglesworthia-Glossma austeni P Wigglesworth/a-Glossina brevipalpis P Blochmannia-Camponotus festinatus P Blochmannia-Camponotus pennsylvanicus P ' Colobopsis nipponicus P-endosymbionl Polyrhachis lamellidens P-endosymbiont Dysmicoccus neobrevipes S-endosymbiont Glossina pallidipes S-endosymbiont -J Plagiolepis pigmaea endosymbiont ' Sitophilus oryzae P-endosymbiont i Uroleucon astronomus S-endosymbiont (U type) 78 I Yamatocalhs tokyoensis S-endosymbiont 100 Yersinia pestis • Arsenophonus-Tr/atoma infestans S 99 L Arsenophonus-Nasonia vitripennis S Haemophilus influenzae - Proteus vulgaris - Erwinia herbicola Formica fusca endosymbiont Enterobacter asbunae Klebsiella pneumoniae Salmonella typhimunum 100 :100 Eschenchia coli CBuchnera-Acrythosiphon pisum P Buchnera-Schizaphis grammum P -Pseudomonas aeruginosa - 0 05 substilutions/site Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships among insect endosymbionts (boldface) and related y-Proteobacteria. estimated from the 16S rDNA gene. Both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian analyses give the tree topology presented. Values above nodes (in boldface) are bootstrap values for maximum likelihood analysis, and values below nodes are posterior probability values generated by the Bayesian analysis. Branch lengths reflect genetic distance under the maximum likelihood model used. This phylogeny strongly supports the following hypotheses: (i) a single origin of endosymbionts in the ancestor of the ant genera Camponotus, Colobopsis, and Polyrhachis. (ii) independent origins of symbiosis in the ants Formica and Plageolepis, and (iii). that Biichnera is a phylogenetically distinct lineage from Wigglesworthia and Blochmannia, which are closely related. I6S rDNA sequence data: Most 16S rDNA sequences were obtained from GenBank (with the exception new Blochmannia, obtained as described below). Nucleotide seq
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Keywords: ., bookauthorlilliefrankrat, booksubjectbiology, booksubjectzoology
