. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. hand reading 'Cypricardia transversa de Kon.' It is similar in shape and proportions to de Koninck's original figue, but with the valves slightly displaced, and it might be the figured syntype. A second specimen, a steinkern, bearing the same number appears to have been misidentified. Remarks. The displacement of the two valves has now exposed part of the hinge of the left valve (Fig. 41), which has a long, narrow hinge plate set into a long narrow carinate escutcheon. There is a slender short 'posterior lateral tooth1 that we believ
. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology. hand reading 'Cypricardia transversa de Kon.' It is similar in shape and proportions to de Koninck's original figue, but with the valves slightly displaced, and it might be the figured syntype. A second specimen, a steinkern, bearing the same number appears to have been misidentified. Remarks. The displacement of the two valves has now exposed part of the hinge of the left valve (Fig. 41), which has a long, narrow hinge plate set into a long narrow carinate escutcheon. There is a slender short 'posterior lateral tooth1 that we believe to have developed independently from similar teeth in the heterodonts. There is also a short nymph exposed which runs for a short distance behind the umbones, separated from the shell surface of the escutcheon by a marked ligament groove. ?PIeurophorella cuneata (Phillips, 1836) 1836 Nucula cuneata Phillips: 210; pi. 5, fig. 14. 1897 'Nucula' cuneata Phillips; Hind: 205. Fig. 42 Holotype. BM 97147, Visean, Bolland, Yorkshire; Gilbertson Collection. Remarks. This tiny specimen has umbones at the anterior where it is cordate in section. The dorsal and ventral margins diverge slightly so the greatest height is towards the posterior. The posterior margins are rounded. The shell is very similar in form to a date mussel, except that there is a clearly marked elongate carinate escutcheon, typical of the Permophoridae. The similarity of form to a date mussel raises the possibility that 1 Pleurophorella cuneata was also a rock Fig. 42 ?Pleurophorella cuneata (Phillips). Lower Carboniferous, Visean, Bolland, Yorkshire; BM 97147, Gilbertson Collection, holotype; approx. x8. Genus BOWLANDIA nov. Type SPECIES. Cypricardia rhombea Phillips, 1836. Etymology. The generic name is derived from the Forest of Bowland, Yorkshire, an area locally famous for its Carbon- iferous fossils. Synonym. Ivanovia Astafieva-Urbaitis, 1978 (non Dubroly- ubova, 1935), type species, /. slovenica Astafie
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