. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 190 \ POISON SUMACH Rhus Vernix, Linnaeus FORM-oA shrub or small tret, usually 5-10 ft. high but may roach a height of 20 ft. with a diameter of 8 inches. Usually branches near ground. Crown wide, deep, and usually rounded. BARK—Smooth, somewhat streaked, thin, liyht to dark gray, roughened with horizontally- elongated lenticels. — TWIGS—Stout, orange-brown, later light gray, smooth, often glossy, covered with numerous raised lenticels, contain yellowish-brown pith; if punctiired or cut, exude watery juice which tu
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 190 \ POISON SUMACH Rhus Vernix, Linnaeus FORM-oA shrub or small tret, usually 5-10 ft. high but may roach a height of 20 ft. with a diameter of 8 inches. Usually branches near ground. Crown wide, deep, and usually rounded. BARK—Smooth, somewhat streaked, thin, liyht to dark gray, roughened with horizontally- elongated lenticels. — TWIGS—Stout, orange-brown, later light gray, smooth, often glossy, covered with numerous raised lenticels, contain yellowish-brown pith; if punctiired or cut, exude watery juice which turns yellow upon exposure. BUDS—Alternate; terminal bqd present and larger than lateral ones; purplish, conical, acute; about 1/5-3/6 of an inch long, covered with a few scales which are downy on back and margin. LEAVES—Alternate, compound, 7-14 inches long, with wingless petioles, and with 7-13 leaflets; oljovate', 3-4 Inches long, acute at apex, wedge-shaped at base, entire margined, dark green and shiny above, pale below. LEAF-SCARS—Alternate, large, broad, conspicuous, do not encircle buds, upper margin straight or nearly so, contain numerous bundle-scars which are scattered or arranged in a curved line. FLOWERS—^Appear about June or July. Stamlnate and pistillate flowers borne on different plants. The small yellowish-green flowers are arranged in long, drooping, rather narrow panicles. FRUIT—A srmall spherical, glossy. Ivory-white to yellowish-white drupe arranged in loose, drooping, grape-like clusters. It is about 1/5 of an inch In diameter, slightly compressed and often persists far into winter. Ripens about September. Only pistillate trees bear fruit. WOOD—Ring-porous; brittlf, soft-grained, light yellow In color. Weighs 27 lbs. per cubic foot. DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS—The Poison Sumach, also known ns Poison Oak, I'oison Dogwood, Poison Elder, and Swamp Sumach, can be recognized in winter by its alternate buds with the terminal bud present. Its
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