. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis . 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 ecosystems (Adapting Mosaic). In contrast, in the scenarios that are not proactive on the environment, a combination of market forces, undervaluation, and feedbacks lead to substan- tial deforestation not only in the tropics but also in large swaths of Siberia {Order from Strength and Global Orchestra- tion). Deforestation increasingly interacts with climate change in all scenarios, causing not only more flooding during storms but also more fires during droughts, greatly increasing the risk
. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Biodiversity Synthesis . 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 ecosystems (Adapting Mosaic). In contrast, in the scenarios that are not proactive on the environment, a combination of market forces, undervaluation, and feedbacks lead to substan- tial deforestation not only in the tropics but also in large swaths of Siberia {Order from Strength and Global Orchestra- tion). Deforestation increasingly interacts with climate change in all scenarios, causing not only more flooding during storms but also more fires during droughts, greatly increasing the risk of runaway climate change (SI 1). Terrestrial ecosystems currently absorb CO2 at a rate of about 1-2 gigatons of carbon per year (with medium certainty) and thereby contribute to the regulation of climate, but the future of this service is uncertain (). Deforestation is expected to reduce the carbon sink most strongly in a globalized world with a focus on security through boundaries (Orderfrom Strength) (medium certainty). Carbon release or uptake by ecosystems affects the CO: and CH4 content of the atmosphere at the global scale and theteby global climate. Currently, the biosphere is a net sink of carbon, absorbing approximately 20% of fossil fuel emis- sions. It is very likely that the future of this service will be greatly affected by expected land use change. In addition, a higher atmo- spheric CO: concenttation is expected to enhance net productiv- ity, but this does not necessarily lead to an increase in the carbon sink. The limited understanding of soil respiration processes, and their response to changed agricultural practices, generates uncer- tainty about the future of this sink. The MA scenarios project an increase in global temperature between 2000 and 2050 of ° Celsius, and between 2000 and 2100 of ° Celsius, depending on the scenario (low to medium certainty) (). There is an increase in global average precipitation (medium certainty). Furt
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