Southern good roads . e of more than 3 per cent with a vehicle bearingany kind of a load. In ascending a 5 per cent gradethe capacity of the teami is about four-tenths of its ca-pacity on level ground and about one-fourth of its ca-pacity on 10 per cent grade, on a loading for the sametractive exertion, but a point here that should not beforgotten is that for a short duration a horse can exertfrom 2.) to 40 per cent of his weight, thus daublingand quadrupling its normal tractive and in this con-nection it is often economy, considering the financialcondition of the to put in a short
Southern good roads . e of more than 3 per cent with a vehicle bearingany kind of a load. In ascending a 5 per cent gradethe capacity of the teami is about four-tenths of its ca-pacity on level ground and about one-fourth of its ca-pacity on 10 per cent grade, on a loading for the sametractive exertion, but a point here that should not beforgotten is that for a short duration a horse can exertfrom 2.) to 40 per cent of his weight, thus daublingand quadrupling its normal tractive and in this con-nection it is often economy, considering the financialcondition of the to put in a short piece of6 and even 7 per cent grade, than to expend a largeam:nuit of money in making an exhaustive and expen-sive cut, especially so if the cut must be made at theexpense of development in some other part of the com-munity. One thing that should be borne in mind istliat each years development of our country makesthe chances ior changing of grades and their elimina-tion less possible, and that while the improvement of. Section of Macadam Road Between Bluefield and Princeton, W. Va. October, 1915 SOUTHERN GOOD ROADS tlie surface of a road increases its tractive efficiencyaljoiit 200 per cent nn level ground it oulj^ increasesahont one-fourth for a horse-drawn vehicle on a 10per cent grade, thus money expended in decreasing thegrade within a reasonable amount of distance is thebest possible investment. Then with these conclusions drawn and a decision asto the kind of surface that will possibly be placed uponthe road at some future time, wo nre in position to de-termine what should lie llic maximum grade. Methods and Costs of Grading and Excavating. This is a machine age aiul wherever grading Ciui liedone by machinery it is usually more economical. Thefollowing table based upon figures taken from differentpieces of work is approximately cm-rect to a wage scaleof 15 cents per hour and eapalde supervision. By a glance at the figures it will be seen that at 22cents per yard or at the
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Keywords: ., bookauthorvarnerhe, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookyear1910
