. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. STRUCTURE OF THE LARGE INTESTINE 431 thick and consists of large bundles which are rather loosely united. A large band, the recto-coccygeus, is detached from it on either side, and passes upward and backward to be inserted into the fourth and fifth coccygeal vertebra. The submucous tissue is abundant in the wall of the rectum, so that the mucous membrane is loosely attached to the muscular coat, and forms numerous folds when the bowel is empty. The mucous membrane of the large intestine is thicker and darker in color than that of the
. The anatomy of the domestic animals . Veterinary anatomy. STRUCTURE OF THE LARGE INTESTINE 431 thick and consists of large bundles which are rather loosely united. A large band, the recto-coccygeus, is detached from it on either side, and passes upward and backward to be inserted into the fourth and fifth coccygeal vertebra. The submucous tissue is abundant in the wall of the rectum, so that the mucous membrane is loosely attached to the muscular coat, and forms numerous folds when the bowel is empty. The mucous membrane of the large intestine is thicker and darker in color than that of the small intestine. It forms large crescentic or semilunar folds. Fig. 370.—Pelvic Inlet and Posterioh Part of Abdominal Wall of Horse, Viewed from the Front. The left inguinal canal is partially opened. The peritoneum ia retained except over a part of the left cremaster Jnu3cle. The sublumbar region is greatly foreshortened in this view, a, a', Kidneys; a", adrenal; b., ureter; c, renal artery; d, aorta; e, stump of cceliac artery; /, stump of anterior mesenteric artery; 9, posterior mesenteric artery; h, circumflex iliac artery; i, external iliac artery; k, internal iliac artery; Z, spermatic artery in peritoneal fold (plica vasculosa), m; n, ductus deferens, enclosed in genital fold, o; p, urinary bladder; q, round Hgament of blad- der; r, middle ligament of bladder; s, rectum; t, margin of vaginal ring; u, posterior abdominal artery; v, external pudic artery; w, rectus abdominis muscle; x, transversus and obliquus internus abdominis; y, y', cremaster externus; z, posterior vena cava (cut). (After Ellenberger-Baum, Top. Anat. d. Pferdes.) (Plicae semilunares), corresponding to the external constrictions. It has no villi nor duodenal glands. The intestinal glands are large and numerous. Solitary nodules are numerous, and there are aggregated l3rmph nodules at the apex of the csecum and in the pelvic flexure and the adjacent portion of the left dorsal part of the colon. Ve
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