Bone mineral density (BMD) testing, or bone densitometry, is a medical imaging technique. It makes it possible to measure loss of bone mass, and therefore diagnose and monitor the development of osteoporosis. The amount of minerals (primarily calcium) contained in the bones is measured by a densitometer that uses X-rays. After passing through the body, the X-rays not absorbed by the calcium in the bones leave an imprint of varying strength on the detector. The more X-rays detected and the darker the outlines of the bones, the more porous the bones are.

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