. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1977 HiNES: Lesser Scaup Ecology, Saskatchewan 253 ?; 20. JUNE JULY AUG. Figure 3. The peaks of hatching of Lesser Scaup and Redhead broods at Waterhen Marsh. Many broods of Redheads were also observed in these areas. The preference for similar habitats by scaup and young Redhead broods, and the large populations of both species present, resulted in a great number of ducklings being concentrated into rather small areas. As a result, mixing of broods occurred commonly. Scaup broods readily joined together since female scaup made little effort to drive away other
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1977 HiNES: Lesser Scaup Ecology, Saskatchewan 253 ?; 20. JUNE JULY AUG. Figure 3. The peaks of hatching of Lesser Scaup and Redhead broods at Waterhen Marsh. Many broods of Redheads were also observed in these areas. The preference for similar habitats by scaup and young Redhead broods, and the large populations of both species present, resulted in a great number of ducklings being concentrated into rather small areas. As a result, mixing of broods occurred commonly. Scaup broods readily joined together since female scaup made little effort to drive away other hens or ducklings. Redhead broods were frequently deserted by their mothers, which typically showed low maternal drives. These ducklings readily joined the scaup broods with no apparent conflict resulting. In contrast to the scaup ducklings, the young Redheads remained close together and appeared to retain their identity within the mixed broods. Mixed broods of scaup were observed to come together and later separate with frequent interchange of ducklings. Female scaup showed little dis- crimination in allowing ducklings to follow them. The brood following a scaup in many cases consisted of more Redhead than scaup ducklings. Mixed broods or creches often consisted of ducklings of several age classes. The largest brood totaled more than 100 scaup ducklings and was accompanied by six hens. Typical creches contained from 15 to 40 scaup ducklings and were led by two or three hens. By early August, most of the ducklings, except those isolated from the major brood areas, were part of the creches. At this time, most of the Redhead offspring had been deserted by their mothers and. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club
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