. A regional geography of the world, with diagrams and entirely new maps . ore, on the western plains dairy-farming is more important than agriculture, althoughroot crops are produced in considerable quantities. Chief Routes. A very close connection exists between the relief andthe lines oi communication (see Fig. 27). The railwayroutes proceeding to Scotland pass along the plains eastand west of the Pennines. The west coast route is com-pelled to cross Shap Fell, a task that is not accomplishedwithout difficulty. The route of the Midland Railwaykeeps to the eastern side of the Pennines until
. A regional geography of the world, with diagrams and entirely new maps . ore, on the western plains dairy-farming is more important than agriculture, althoughroot crops are produced in considerable quantities. Chief Routes. A very close connection exists between the relief andthe lines oi communication (see Fig. 27). The railwayroutes proceeding to Scotland pass along the plains eastand west of the Pennines. The west coast route is com-pelled to cross Shap Fell, a task that is not accomplishedwithout difficulty. The route of the Midland Railwaykeeps to the eastern side of the Pennines until thevalley of the Aire is reached. It then utilizes the AireGap as a means of crossing to the western side of thePennines, and after having negotiated Shap p^ll, pro-ceeds alung the Eden valley to Carlisle. The latter city NORTHERN ENGLAND V IS a very important railway centre, as is shown in Ti^.26 A railway—the North-Eastern—foUowin^r the de-pression of the Tync Gap gives communication betweenCarlisle and Newcastle. Land over 600 feetCfi/ef Railway Routes Coalfields. Fig. 27. THE MAPPA LONDON -Relief, Coalfields and Routes of Northern England. In all these routes we see a very tlose connectionbetween routes and relief. But other important routesmust be noticed, and if the control is not so obvious, itnone the less exists and should be studied on large-scalemaps. In almost every case the modern railway follows 7B> THE BRITISH ISLES the older roads, and they in turn the still older pack-horse routes. The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railwayconnects Liverpool with Hull and Goole, and ha5 toface steep Pennine gradients which make it necessaryto employ engines capable of great haulage power. Afterpassing through Rochdale and Todmorden, where iteffects a junction with a line from the weaving towns ofthe Ribble valley, the main line makes use of the uppervalley of the Calder and proceeds to Halifax. TheLondon and North-Western Railway between Man-chester and Huddersfield
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectgeography, bookyear19
