. The depths of the ocean : a general account of the modern science of oceanography based largely on the scientific researches of the Norwegian steamer Michael Sars in the North Atlantic. "Michael Sars" North Atlantic Deep-sea Expedition (1910); Oceanography; North Atlantic Ocean. 536 DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN Deep-Water Fauna of the North Atlantic It is easy to see how much the configuration of the bottom, and the hydrographical conditions associated with it, affect the distribution of animal-forms, if we compare the fauna of the Norwegian Sea north of the submarine Iceland - Faroe - Shet
. The depths of the ocean : a general account of the modern science of oceanography based largely on the scientific researches of the Norwegian steamer Michael Sars in the North Atlantic. "Michael Sars" North Atlantic Deep-sea Expedition (1910); Oceanography; North Atlantic Ocean. 536 DEPTHS OF THE OCEAN Deep-Water Fauna of the North Atlantic It is easy to see how much the configuration of the bottom, and the hydrographical conditions associated with it, affect the distribution of animal-forms, if we compare the fauna of the Norwegian Sea north of the submarine Iceland - Faroe - Shetland and Iceland-Greenland ridges, with the fauna of the Atlantic Ocean to the south of these ridges. Thanks to the painstaking researches of the Danish " Ingolf" Expedition, and the subsequent investigations of the " Michael Sars " in. Fig. 377. Calvcria hystrix, Wy. Thorns. Reduced. (After Wyville Thomson. 1902, we are now acquainted with the principal characteristics of both. The chief hydrographical differences in these two marine areas are due to the intervening ridges, covered on an average by 550 to 600 metres of water, which prevent the icy bottom water of the Norwegian sea from entering the Atlantic, and conversely the warm Atlantic water from flowing over the floor of the Norwegian Sea.^ Two temperature-readings are sufficient to make this clear : in 1902 the " Michael Sars" found a temperature of ; C. in the Faroe-Shetland channel at ^ On the other hand, the Atlantic and Tolar currents meet, as already stated, over the Iceland-Faroe Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Murray, John, Sir, 1841-1914; Hjort, Johan, 1869-; Appellöf, Jakob Johan Adolf, 1857-; Gran, H. H. (Haakon Hasberg), 1870?-; Helland-Hansen, Bjørn, 1877-. London : Macmill
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