. Birds of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains; a manual for the identification of species in hand or in the bush. Birds. 20 EXTERNAL PARTS brane' extending over the nostrils, is found in the doves and in the pigeons. The rictal portion of the mouth is frequently- fringed with longer or shorter hairs; these are called rictal bristles} Shape of the gape. — The gape is straight ^ when the commis- sural line, formed by the tomia and the rictus, is straight. This line may be curved,'^ sinuate* or ungulate.^ General size and form of the bill. — The length of the head is used to measure th
. Birds of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains; a manual for the identification of species in hand or in the bush. Birds. 20 EXTERNAL PARTS brane' extending over the nostrils, is found in the doves and in the pigeons. The rictal portion of the mouth is frequently- fringed with longer or shorter hairs; these are called rictal bristles} Shape of the gape. — The gape is straight ^ when the commis- sural line, formed by the tomia and the rictus, is straight. This line may be curved,'^ sinuate* or ungulate.^ General size and form of the bill. — The length of the head is used to measure the length of the bill. A long" bill is longer than the head, a short ^ bill shorter, and one of medium length is about as long as the head. A compressed^ bill is one flat- tened sideways, so that its height is greater than its width. A depressed ^ one is flattened up and down, or is wider than high. A straight'"' bill is not only straight throughout its length, but is also in line with the head. If not in line with the head, it is said to be bent}^ A recurved " bill is one that curves upward, and a decurved^^ bill one that curves downward. A bill may be decurved throughout, or it may have merely a dec%irved tip}* The usual bill is sharp-pointed at the end and is called acute}' If it has an abrupt and somewhat rounded end, it is obtuse}^ Acuminate" indicates not only an acute end, but a slender bill as well. If very slender and sharp, it is called at- temtate}^ In some cases, as among the hummingbirds, still more emphatic words are needed to denote slenderness and sharpness. Subulate'^^ is more emphatic than attenuate, and acicular indicates the extreme limit in this Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Apgar, A. C. (Austin Craig), 1838-1908. New York, Cincinnati
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License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectbirds, bookyear1898
