The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . s are now closed, and steamis turned on at the injector J by opening the valve v. The effectof this is to suck the liquor through E, and to force it up throughpipe P into the top of the kier, where it dashes against the umbrella-shaped shield U and is distributed over the pieces, through whichit percolates, until on arriving at E it is again carried to the top ofthe kier, a continuous circulation being thus effected. As thecirculation proceeds, the steam condensing in the liquor rapidlyheats the la
The encyclopdia britannica; a dictionary of arts, sciences, literature and general information . s are now closed, and steamis turned on at the injector J by opening the valve v. The effectof this is to suck the liquor through E, and to force it up throughpipe P into the top of the kier, where it dashes against the umbrella-shaped shield U and is distributed over the pieces, through whichit percolates, until on arriving at E it is again carried to the top ofthe kier, a continuous circulation being thus effected. As thecirculation proceeds, the steam condensing in the liquor rapidlyheats the latter to the boil, and as soon as, in the opinion of the fore-man, all air has been expelled, the blow-through tap is closed andthe boiling is continued for periods varying from six to twelvehours under 20-60 lb pressure. Steam is now turned off, and byopening the valve V the liquor, which is of a dark-brown colour, isforced out by the pressure of the steam it contains. The pieces are now run through a continuous washing machine,which is provided with a plentiful supply of water. The machine,. T^/V g^ Fig. 4.—High Pressure Blow-through Kier. which is shown in fig. 5, consists essentially of a wooden vat, overwhich there is a pair of heavy wooden (sycamore) bowls or pieces enter the machine at each end, as indicated by the arrows,and pass rapidly through the bowls down to the bottom of the vatover a loose roller, thence between the first pair of guide pegs throughthe bowls again, and travel thus in a spiral direction until they arriveat the middle of the machine, when they leave at the side oppositeto that on which they entered. The same type of machine is usedfor liming, chemicking, and souring. The next operation is the • grey sour,! m which the .goods arerun through a washing machine containing hydrochloric acid ot2° Tw. strength, with the object of dissolving out the lime whichthe goods retain in considerable quantity after the hme boil, inegoods are then w
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectencyclo, bookyear1910
