The new international encyclopaedia . necessary after rock is struck. So long as the sinking is through sand or other easilyworked material, wroughtiron or steel tubingmay be driven down with mauls, <ither by liancl,horse, or steam power; by means of a jet; or bythe sand pump or liucket method, combined withrotation of the tube or casing. The hydraulicjet is simply a stream of water under pressureintroauced at the bottom of the well througha supply pipe, or through a hollow drill. Theforce of the water aids in loosening the materialand also brings it to tlie surface. The sandpump or bucket
The new international encyclopaedia . necessary after rock is struck. So long as the sinking is through sand or other easilyworked material, wroughtiron or steel tubingmay be driven down with mauls, <ither by liancl,horse, or steam power; by means of a jet; or bythe sand pump or liucket method, combined withrotation of the tube or casing. The hydraulicjet is simply a stream of water under pressureintroauced at the bottom of the well througha supply pipe, or through a hollow drill. Theforce of the water aids in loosening the materialand also brings it to tlie surface. The sandpump or bucket is a simple form of pump, low-ered into the well hole, filled, raised, andemptied. In drilling wells for gas, oil. or water the mostcommon outfit employed is the familiar der-riik rig of the oil regions, eondiined with aboiler, engine, drill, and accessories, and thenecessary hoisting ap])nratus for raising andlowering the drills and the sand pumps. In thecase of oil wells the derrick and power plant Sand Pump Pulley- Sand Pumptine-. OUTFIT FOR DRILLING DEEP WELLS. (The band wheel-is driven by an engine.) may be left in place to operate a pump, the lat-ter being substituted for the drill. Derricks fordrilling wells are some 20 feet square at thebase, 70 feet to 100 feet high, built up of eithertimber or steel. The engine drives a band wheelto which a pitman is attached. The ]iitmanworks a walking beam, supported by a Samsonpost. To the other end of the beam the string oftools is attached. The tools include a drill,above which there is an auger stem, jars, asinker bar, and either cable or wooden poles forsuspending the string of tools as the hole isdeepened. The drill and accessories are lifted bythe walking beam. The jar is a device acting WEIiL-SINKING. 422 WELS.
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, bookpublishernewyorkdoddmead
